Biology- Fighting Disease
- Created by: DesnieChannel
- Created on: 04-06-15 10:12
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- Fighting Disease
- Past and Future
- Semmelweis
- Saw that huge numbers of women were dying from puerperal fever
- He thought that this was being caused by doctors spreading disease on their unwashed hands
- He told doctors to wash their hands in an antiseptic solution
- By doing this the death rate dropped from 12% to 2%
- He didn't know that the bacteria were spreading the disease and being killed when washed, so he couldn't say why it worked.
- Because of this, it was dropped once he'd left and the death rate went back up
- Increasing Resistance
- Bacteria can evolve and become antibiotic resistant
- This is because of overuse
- This means when someone is infected they can't get rid of it as quickly
- This can lead to it being spread on to other people.
- This is putting pressure on big companies to develop new, effective drugs
- Bacteria can evolve and become antibiotic resistant
- New Dangers
- Bacteria could mutate
- This could cause a new resistant strain or one we don't already know about
- This could cause an epidemic if it can't be treated.
- This could cause a new resistant strain or one we don't already know about
- Viruses mutate often
- This makes it hard to develop a vaccine as they change there DNA which leads to different antigens
- This would cause a problem if a highly infectious and deadly virus evolved
- It would be difficult to control as many people travel everyday
- This could lead to a pandemic, and could kill billions!
- It would be difficult to control as many people travel everyday
- Bacteria could mutate
- Semmelweis
- Pathogens
- Main two types: Bacteria & Viruses
- Bacteria are very small living cells
- They damage your cells
- They produce toxins
- Virus are not cells and are much smaller
- They replicate themselves using the nucleus of a cell and then burst free
- The damage to the cells is what makes you feel ill.
- They replicate themselves using the nucleus of a cell and then burst free
- The Body's Defence system
- Skin! Main covering protection
- Platelets, clot wounds to stop pathogens getting in
- White Blood cells
- Consume/ engulf them. NOT EAT!
- Produce antibodies
- Specific to a pathogen
- Lock on and kill invading cells
- Happens rapidly
- Produce Antitoxins; counteract toxin
- Bacteria are very small living cells
- Main two types: Bacteria & Viruses
- Drugs
- Painkillers only relieve the symptoms
- Antibiotics kill the bacteria, stopping the infection
- Can't use antibiotics on a viral infection as the virus is inside the cell, where the bacteria can't get to.
- Also, a drug to kill the virus would also have to kill the human cell which would cause more pain and problems
- Bacteria can become resistant.
- They mutate, some become resistant, some survive and breed, this spread the infection.
- The process repeats until a bacteria strand is resistant to all drugs.
- This is an example of natural selection.
- This can be stopped by not overusing drugs.
- They mutate, some become resistant, some survive and breed, this spread the infection.
- Vaccinations
- Contain dead or weakened pathogen
- This allows the body to fight the disease with out the symptoms
- The correct antibodies are produced
- By doing this, if the person is infected again, it means the white blood cell will reconnise the pathogen and be able to produce the correct antibodies
- This means the disease is fought off faster and so the symptoms aren't experianced.
- Contain dead or weakened pathogen
- Past and Future
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