AQA A2 Sociology- Ethnicity and Crime
- Created by: EmK123
- Created on: 11-06-16 12:04
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- Ethnicity and Crime
- Stats
- Official stats
- Blacks 7x more likely to be stopped and searched and 5x more likely to be in prison.
- Victim surveys
- Disclose whether you have been a victim of crime- asks for ethnicity
- Mugging is more likely to be black
- Disclose whether you have been a victim of crime- asks for ethnicity
- Self-report studies
- Asks to disclose whether you have committed a crime
- Graham and Bowling- blacks and whites have same rates of offending
- Asks to disclose whether you have committed a crime
- Official stats
- Racism and CJS
- Policing
- Phillips and Bowling- oppressive policing in minority communities- mass stops and searches, raids, surveillance ect.
- Note that minorities think they are over policed and under protected.
- Phillips and Bowling- oppressive policing in minority communities- mass stops and searches, raids, surveillance ect.
- Stops and searches
- Blacks-7x, Asians 3x more likely to be stopped and searches.
- Explained by: this does reflect different in rates of offending. racist police or Demographic reasons- ethnic minorities are over represented in groups more likely to be stopped.
- Court
- CPS decide which cases to prosecute and are more likely to drop cases against ethnic minorities. Minorities more likely to elect a crown court trial due to their mistrust of magistrates.
- Prison
- Hood- Blacks 5% more likely to be jailed. Blacks less likely to be granted bail.
- Policing
- Left Realism
- Lea and Young
- Stats reflect the real difference in levels of offending
- Crime is the product of relative deprivation, subcultures and marginalisation which is promoted by the media.
- Racist polcing = unjustified criminalisation of minorities.
- Racist policing can't explain higher conviction rates of blacks than Asians- police would have to be selectively racist- racism isn't the only cause.
- Lea and Young
- Neo-Marxism
- Gilroy: Black criminality is a myth created by racist stereotypes. CJS acts on these stereotypes = greater rates of offending.
- Hall: Moral panics blamed blacks for rise in mugging to cover up the capitalist crisis.
- Eval: Downes and Rock: he says crime is due to racis policing and unemployment- can't have it both ways. Moral panics can be explained by capitalist analysis- swine flu.
- Eval: Young-there is no evidence the public panicked over the mugging or linked it to blacks.
- Victimisation
- Risk of being a victim differs between ethnic groups (Black 27% Asians 25% Whites 24%) But it could also be due to other factors (age, gender and unemployment.)
- Samson and Phillips- Racist victimisation is ongoing (repeated)
- Stats
- Criminality = political resistance- Most minorities originate in British colonies where their anti-colonial struggles taught them to resist which are criminalised by the state.
- Criticism- it does't explain black on black crime.
- Neo-Marxism
- Gilroy: Black criminality is a myth created by racist stereotypes. CJS acts on these stereotypes = greater rates of offending.
- Hall: Moral panics blamed blacks for rise in mugging to cover up the capitalist crisis.
- Eval: Downes and Rock: he says crime is due to racis policing and unemployment- can't have it both ways. Moral panics can be explained by capitalist analysis- swine flu.
- Eval: Young-there is no evidence the public panicked over the mugging or linked it to blacks.
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