new frontier
- Created by: catrionabucknell_
- Created on: 10-04-16 19:21
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- did JFK's new frontier programme achieve its aims?
- Social welfare and un employment
- May 1961 increased minimum wage from $1 to $1.25
- southern democrats ensured certain workers were excluded
- 150,000 laundry workers (high % of black Americans
- southern democrats ensured certain workers were excluded
- proposed to pass equal pay act
- no enforcement powers - thwarted by congressional opposition
- area re- development act 1961: provided $394 million over 4 years for areas such as Appalachia
- extra $455 million in 1963 blocked by congress
- housing act 1961 - less opposition from congress: $4.8 billion funding
- trade expansions act as result of negotiation in international organisations
- cuts in tariffs by 35% between USA and EEC
- presidential power to cut tariffs by 50% to other countries
- March 1961 through executive order created CEEO to allocate proportion of federal jobs to black Americans
- little change - 1961 black unemployment double white
- May 1961 increased minimum wage from $1 to $1.25
- Education
- submitted school assistance bill 1961, asking for £2.3 billion dollars over 3 years to help construct schools and raise salaries
- church run schools excluded - bill rejected in house of representative
- executive order used to increase school lunch and milk programmes for the poor
- 700,000 children received free meals and milk
- Higher Education Facilities Act 1963
- $143 million grants for graduate schools in science, languages and engineering
- submitted school assistance bill 1961, asking for £2.3 billion dollars over 3 years to help construct schools and raise salaries
- Peace Corps
- used executive order on 1st March 1961
- sends American men and women to developing countries
- first 2 years - 5,000 volunteers to carry out economic and technical aid to 46 countries
- critics saw it as 'Yankee Imperialism'
- Space Programme
- 25th May 1961 JFK asked congress for extra $7-9 billion
- within a year, 2 travelled in space, Alan Shepard and Virgil Grissom
- however took until 20th February 1962 before American John Glenn matched soviets achievements of orbiting the earth
- acted as important stimulant to research and development in computing etc
- created a legacy for NASA to land a man on the moon
- Environmentalism
- 1963 Congress passed his proposal for the clean air act - limiting air pollution
- Steward Udall became secretary of the interior and made major imporvements
- gained 3,85 million acres of land
- 6 national monuments
- 9 national recreation areas
- Social welfare and un employment
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