Depression Case Studies
- Created by: georgiaball10
- Created on: 01-05-16 18:15
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- Depression - Research Studies
- Classification and Diagnosis.
- Zimmerman
- Simplified the DMS by creating one that only used mood and cognitive symptoms
- McCullogh
- All Types of depression respond similarly in regards to treatment and symptoms, so not issue when comes to diagnosis and treatment
- Zimmerman
- Biological Explanations.
- Genetic Factors
- Wender - AO1
- Adoption study - higher levels of depression in biological relatives than non-biological.
- Harrington - AO1
- Family Study - 20% relative of people with depression have it, compared to 10% of general public.
- McGuffin - AO1
- Twin studies - concordance rate for MZ twins = 46%, DZ twins 20%.
- Kendler - AO2
- Support for diathesis stress model.
- Kendler - AO2
- Higher incidence of mental illness when in twins when looking at anxiety and depression - Comorbidity
- Wender - AO1
- Dysfunction in Neurotransmitters
- Bunney - AO1
- Noradrenaline by-products in urine were low in depressed people.
- Delgado - AO1
- When given tryptophan deficient diet, those recovering relapsed, those not suffering not affected.
- Kraft - AO2
- More positive response to SNRI than placebo.
- Ruhe - AO2
- Brief relapse during tryptophan deficiency, low serotonin linked to depression.
- Aan Hert Rot - AO2
- Depressive episodes alter serotonin system.
- Zhang _AO2
- Mutant gene that starves the body of oxygen, 10X more prevalent in depressed.
- Bunney - AO1
- Genetic Factors
- Psychological Explanations.
- Freud's Psychodynamic theory.
- Shan and Walker - AO2
- People who suffer from depression describe parents as affectionless
- Barnes and Prosen. - AO2
- Children who lost parent in childhood, more likely to have depression in adulthood.
- Bifulco - AO2
- Children who lost parent in childhood, more likely to have depression in adulthood.
- Paykell and Cooper - AO2
- Only 10% of those who suffered loss become depressed.
- Shan and Walker - AO2
- Cognitive Factors - Beck
- Seligman - AO1
- Learned Helplessness.
- Bates - AO2
- Depressed Ps given negative automatic thought statements, became more depressed.
- Kwon and Laurenceau - AO2
- Evidence to suppose learned hopelessness model
- Notman and Nodelson - AO2
- Negative attributional style more common in women.
- Hammen and Krantz - AO2
- Depressed women made more errors in logic when asked to interpret written material
- Seligman - AO1
- Freud's Psychodynamic theory.
- Biological Therapes
- Drug Therapies
- Ferguson - AO2
- Adolescents treated with SSRIs were twice as likely to attempt suicide.
- Barbui - AO2
- SSRIs dramatically decrease the risk of suicide in adults
- Hammen - AO2
- Antidepressants don't have as big of an effect on children as adults.
- Ferguson - AO2
- ECT
- Gregory
- Compared ECT with 'sham' ECT, real ECT significantly more affective.
- Rose
- 1/3 of patients complained of persistent memory loss following ECT.
- Department of Health.
- 30% patients reported permanent fear and anxiety after ECT.
- Gregory
- Drug Therapies
- Psychological Therapies
- CBT - Beck
- Robinson - AO2
- CBT superior to non treatment groups.
- Kuyken and Tsivrikos - AO2
- 15% of the variance in ourcomes due to therapist competence.
- Robinson - AO2
- PIT - Robert Hobson
- Paley
- Outcomes of PIT are atleast equivalent to those achieved by CBT.
- NHS Study
- Significant improvements in patients who completed the therapy.
- Paley
- CBT - Beck
- Classification and Diagnosis.
- Hammen and Krantz - AO2
- Depressed women made more errors in logic when asked to interpret written material
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