demography mindmap
- Created by: LydiaDarby
- Created on: 08-05-14 12:09
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- Demography
- Births.
- Reasons for the decline in the birth rate.
- 1. Changes in the position of women.
- Legal equality with men.
- Changes in attitudes to family life and womens roles.
- Increased educational opportunities.
- Girls now do better at school than boys.
- More women in paid employment.
- Laws outlawing unequal pay & sex discrimination.
- Easier access to divorce.
- Access to abortion and reliable contraception.
- Giving women more control over their fertility.
- 2. Decline in infant mortality rate.
- Infant mortality rate = the number of infants who die before their first birthday per thousand babies born alive per year.
- Sociologists argue that a fall in infant mortality rate leads to a fall in birth rates.
- In 1900, the infant mortality rate for the UK was 154.15% of babies died within their first year.
- Improved sanitation, housing, medicine, nutrition and knowledge.
- 3. Children have become an economic liability.
- Laws
- Not allowing child labour, instead they must be in school.
- Factory Act
- Not allowing child labour, instead they must be in school.
- Changin norms.
- Children cost more to raise.
- Laws
- 4. Child Centredness.
- Childhoos is socially constructed.
- 1. Changes in the position of women.
- Effects of changes in fertility.
- Birth Rate.
- Birth rate has fallen from 28.7 in 1900 to 10.7 in 2007.
- Baby Booms
- 3 in the 20th century.
- The first 2 'baby booms' came after the 2 world wars (1914-18 & 1939-45)
- There was a 3rd in the 1960's.
- Birth rates fell sharply in in the 70's. Rose in the 80's, fell in the 90's to increase again in 2001.
- There was a 3rd in the 1960's.
- Reasons for the decline in the birth rate.
- Deaths.
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- Births.
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