Defending Against Infection- B1

Defending against Infection: B1.1

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  • Defending Against Infection
    • Pathogens: Bacteria
      • Bacteria and viruses are the main types of pathogen.
      • Bacteria are microscopic organisms.
      • Bacteria are living cells and, in some conditions, multiply rapidly.
      • Once inside the body, they release release poisons or toxins that make people feel ill.
      • Diseases cause by bacteria:
        • Food poisoning.
        • Cholera.
        • Typhoid.
        • Bad cough.
    • Pathogens: Viruses.
      • Viruses are a lot smaller than bacteria.
      • Diseases caused by viruses:
        • Colds
        • Mumps
        • Influenza (flu)
        • Rubella
        • Chicken Pox
        • AIDs
      • A virus can get inside a cell and once inside, it can take over and make copies of itself.
    • Immunity
      • Bacterial strains can develop resistance to antibiotics.
      • Development of resistance- Main steps:
        • 2. Resistant individual pathogens survive and reproduce.
        • 1. Antibiotics kill individual pathogens of non-resistant strain.
        • 3. The population of the resistant pathogens increases.
    • White Blood Cells.
    • Protecting against Pathogens
      • Vaccination
        • Vaccinations causes the body to produce enough white blood cells to protect itself against a pathogen.
        • Vaccines contain:
          • Harmless fragments of pathogen.
          • Dead pathogen.
          • Live pathogens treated to make them harmless.
        • Antibiotics work on bacteria but NOT against viruses.
      • Hygiene
        • Washing hands.
          • Ignaz Simmelweiss
    • Medicines
      • Pain Killers
        • Relieves the symptom.
        • Examples of:
          • Paracetemol
          • Morphine
          • Asprin
      • Some medicines help  relieve symptoms others kill the infectious pathogen
      • Antibiotics
        • Kills or stops the growth of bacteria.
        • Doesn't work against viruses.
        • Example of an Antibiotics
  • MRSA
    • Immunity
      • Bacterial strains can develop resistance to antibiotics.
      • Development of resistance- Main steps:
        • 2. Resistant individual pathogens survive and reproduce.
        • 1. Antibiotics kill individual pathogens of non-resistant strain.
        • 3. The population of the resistant pathogens increases.
  • Very dangerous.
    • MRSA

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