Human Defence Systems & Vaccination

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Human Defence Systems (4.3.1.6)
- Explain how: white blood cells use phagocytosis to defend against pathogens.
- Explain how: white blood cells produce antibodies to defend against pathogens
- Describe how: the non-specific defence systems of the human body (including skin, nose, trachea and bronchi and stomach) protect against pathogens.
- Explain how white blood cells produce antitoxins to defend against pathogens.
Vaccination (4.3.1.7)
- Explainhow: the spread of pathogens can be reduced by immunising a large proportion of the population.
- Explain how: having a vaccination stimulates the white blood cells to produce antibodies against a particular pathogen and that if the same pathogen then enters the body, the white blood cells are able to respond quickly to produce the correct antibodies, preventing infection.
- A vaccine contains small quantities of dead or inactive forms of a pathogen.

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