Cromwell and the Protectorate
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- Created on: 03-03-21 19:30
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- The Protectorate
- First Protectorate
- Repeated attempts to amend the instrument and attain power for themselves
- Godly reformation not pursued, toleration narrowed
- Sat 1654-1655
- Electoral reform redistributed power towards counties - harder to manage Parliamentarybusiness
- No legislation enacted across the whole Parliament
- Religious toleration
- Limited toleration for Catholics
- 1655 Thomas White submitted Grounds of obedience and Government - provision for catholic freedom but not as a full movement
- John Biddle - Sonecion who had the blasphemy act used against him - the group believed they were being persecuted
- James Nayler - recreated Palm Sunday, Cromwell believed it to be blasphemous. burned a hole in his tongue etc
- It demonstrated that the instrument didnt provide enough protection for religious liberty
- Instrument of government
- Council of State of up to 21 members to handle finance, army etc
- Lord Protector
- Parliament sit for at least 5 months and reelected every five years - members from England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales
- constitutionalsettlement by Lambert - despite its innovatory nature it was fundamentally conservative
- Liberty of worship for all but Roman Catholics
- budgets given for maintenance of the Army, for Cromwell to 'administer justice'
- Cromwell and the crown
- The humble petition and advice offered Cromwell the crown
- It also had terms of more religious liberty, national church, reduction of the council of state, creation of new upper chamber, right of the Protector to choose a successor
- Cromwell denied the crown because he believed God had ended the monarchy
- Cromwell died 1658
- The humble petition and advice offered Cromwell the crown
- The Major Generals
- Lambert established 11 districts, each with a major general and 500 soldiers behind them
- Reasons for unpopularity
- Caused social disruption as the Major Generals were a lower status than JP's who they had authority over
- Financial burden was high with troops and such; levied a decimation tax on royalist estates which broke the act of oblivion
- Enforced a rigorous campaggn of godly reformation
- 1656 abandoned the Major Generals plan
- First Protectorate
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