Wildlife Conservation Methods
- Created by: yaycharlie
- Created on: 23-01-14 21:22
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- Wildlife Conservation methods
- Legal protection
- Trade Controls - CITES
- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
- International agreement between governments that regulates the international trade in endangered animals, plants or their products
- Species threatened with extinction - places complete ban on trade(except for special license, e.g. zoo breeding programmes) tiger, blue whale
- Species that may be threatened w/ extinction if trade is not closely controlled - Limited trade is permitted. Polar bears, venus fly trap
- Species where countries have requested assistance on protection. Walrus in Canada. Pygmy anteater in Guatemala
- Banning damaging activities
- Provides protection for many wildlife species by legally protecting their habitats or by making the exploitation/ harming of them illegal
- SSSIs may be designated to protect habitats
- Uprooting of wild plants is illegal
- Badgers & their tunnels are protected
- Designation of legally protected areas
- Designated protected areas place restrictions on the activities that may be carried out there to provide protection for the community of species that live there - rather than for particular species
- SSSIs
- NNRs
- SACs
- MNRs
- Ramsar Sites
- Designated protected areas place restrictions on the activities that may be carried out there to provide protection for the community of species that live there - rather than for particular species
- Trade Controls - CITES
- Suitable management of Exploitation
- IWC - Internation Whaling Commission
- Aims to control whaling & ensure exploitation is sustainable by conserving whale stocks by:
- total protection for certain species
- designation of whale sanctuaries
- setting limits on no. & size of whales taken
- carrying out research
- Aims to control whaling & ensure exploitation is sustainable by conserving whale stocks by:
- CFP - EU Common Fisheries Policy
- Ensure sustainable exploitation of fish resources
- Inability to set appropriate quotas & prevent the killing of undersize fish = FAILED
- IWC - Internation Whaling Commission
- Captive Breeding & Release
- Problems with keeping species in captivity
- Some too large and/or have specific habitat, e.g. blue whale
- Difficult to provide enough food/ food in the right way, e.g. bamboo for pandas
- Expensive to keep them in zoos/botanical gardens
- Complicated species interactions - Large blue butterfly caterpillars spend winter in ant nests
- Problems with captive breeding programmes
- Not enough known to provide right conditions for successful breeding
- Some species require stimulants to breed
- Small gene pool = interbreeding
- Methods of increasing the success of captive breeding
- Cryopreservation - egg, sperm & embryo storage - deep frozen. Transported easily instead of male
- Artificial Insemination - reduces problems / risks of moving animals
- Embryo transfer - treated with hormone (FSH) to stimulate release of many eggs, IV fertilised.
- Problems with keeping species in captivity
- Legal protection
- Wildlife & Countryside Act
- Banning damaging activities
- Provides protection for many wildlife species by legally protecting their habitats or by making the exploitation/ harming of them illegal
- SSSIs may be designated to protect habitats
- Uprooting of wild plants is illegal
- Badgers & their tunnels are protected
- Banning damaging activities
- Problems with seed banks
- Captive Breeding & Release
- Problems with keeping species in captivity
- Some too large and/or have specific habitat, e.g. blue whale
- Difficult to provide enough food/ food in the right way, e.g. bamboo for pandas
- Expensive to keep them in zoos/botanical gardens
- Complicated species interactions - Large blue butterfly caterpillars spend winter in ant nests
- Problems with captive breeding programmes
- Not enough known to provide right conditions for successful breeding
- Some species require stimulants to breed
- Small gene pool = interbreeding
- Methods of increasing the success of captive breeding
- Cryopreservation - egg, sperm & embryo storage - deep frozen. Transported easily instead of male
- Artificial Insemination - reduces problems / risks of moving animals
- Embryo transfer - treated with hormone (FSH) to stimulate release of many eggs, IV fertilised.
- Problems with keeping species in captivity
- Viability of seeds decline with increasing periods of storage
- Expensive
- Hard to store large seeds, e.g. coconuts
- Captive Breeding & Release
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