CONCEPTS IN POLITICS
- Created by: Ari15092000
- Created on: 23-06-19 18:01
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- CONCEPTS IN POLITICS
- Citizenship
- Realitionship between and individual and a state
- Individual owes loyalty to state
- In return state provides protection.
- Individual owes loyalty to state
- Citizens have certain rights, duties and responsabilities
- Political rights: the right to vote and to obey the government
- Usual responsabilites of a citizenship are allegiance (LOYALTY), taxation and sometimes military service
- most privilaged form of nationality.
- does not always accompanies nationality
- EXAMPLE
- Mexico does not give citizenhip for underage (18) . Therefore mexican children are "nationals" but not "citizens"
- EXAMPLE
- Realitionship between and individual and a state
- Nation State
- Is a territorial construct in which a nations´s boundaries are contained within a state
- Is also a theoretical construct based on the belief that a nation should be able to define its own boarders
- and thereby exercise CONTROL over them.
- Citizens of a nation-state often hold a deep emotional attachment to their NATIONAL IDENTITY
- NATION
- Mass community who share the same history, language, religion, cultural traditions.
- A nation can exist without a state
- STATE
- Is a geographical territory which a government maintains in order to rule over it
- NATIONALISM
- DEVOTION, to the interests or culture of a particular nation-state
- Legitimacy
- is the belief that the government does things in terms of policy and law-making that are ACCEPTABLE to the citizens of that state
- The `people´give authority to those in power, and can also take it away if the government does not do what is acceptable to the people.
- consent of the governed
- in a legitimate government
- the AUTHORITY of the government should be on the consent of the people
- Sovereignty
- the concept that a government has a right to govern/rule its own territory, without the interference from other bodies. Also has supreme authority over some polity.
- is the term used to mean "the right of a government to rule and govern itself"
- In the UK, it is assumed there is ´parlimentary sovereignty´
- countries which are part of organizations such as NATO, EU, etc, do not longer have absolute sovereignty . When being member of these organizations some sovereignty is given up.
- TYPES OF SOVEREIGNT
- Popular sovereignty
- implies that supreme power in the state rests with the people.
- According to Dr. Garner "sovereignty of the people" can mean nothing more than the power of the majority where suffrage prevails ( suffrage= right to vote & prevails =win
- implies that supreme power in the state rests with the people.
- De jure sovereignty
- has legal right to control over a partucular teritory . "in the eye of law"
- De facto sovereignty (not legal)
- does not exist in the "eye of the law" . Someoene who posses the actual power who has assumed AUTHORITY illegitimately, unconstitutionally, unlawful
- Popular sovereignty
- Authority
- refers to accepted power that is power people agree to follow (legitimised)
- people listen to AUTHORITY figures because they feel that these individuals are worthy of respect.
- people perceive the objectives and demands of an authority figure as reasonable and beneficial, or true
- there are elected authorities
- Weber´s 3 types of AUTHORITY
- TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
- this kind of authority is accepted because it has been tradition
- legitimacy exists because it has been accepted for a long time
- The ruler typically has no real force to carry out its will or maintain its position, but it depends primarly on a group´s respect.
- Queen Elizabeth inherited her position
- CHARISMATIC
- In this type of authority people follow and accept this power because they are drawn to the leader´s personal qualities, characteristics
- Charismatic leaders usually emerge in times of crisis and offer innovative and radical solutions
- Leaders of this type of authortiy can inpire followers to make unusual sacrifices
- Some famous leaders : Adolf HItlers, Napoleon, Jesus Christ, Cesar Chavez
- RATIONAL-LEGAL
- power is legitimate by LAWS, written rules and regulations.
- Power is possed in a particular nationale, system (not necessarily the leaders doctrine can be implemented.
- a nation-state which follows a constitution applies this type of authority
- Ghandi was both Charismatic and Rational-legal
- TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
- Power
- According to Weber
- Power is the ability to exercise one´s will over others
- Power affects more than personal relationships, it shapes the dynamic of social groups, governmets professionalorganizations.
- Power is the ability to exercise one´s will over others
- According to Michel Foucalt
- Untitled
- Types of POWER
- coercive power
- Power that is dependent on fear, suppression of free will and thread
- Authority
- Untitled
- coercive power
- According to Weber
- Untitled
- Citizenship
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