Complex Ions
- Created by: Agata
- Created on: 09-05-16 18:04
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- Complex Ions
- A complex metal ion is a metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands.
- A coordinate bond / dative covalent bond is a covalent bond in which both electrons in the shared pair come from the same atom.
- In a COMPLEX ION, they come from the LIGANDS.
- So... A LIGAND is an atom, ion or molecule that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal.
- In a COMPLEX ION, they come from the LIGANDS.
- A coordinate bond / dative covalent bond is a covalent bond in which both electrons in the shared pair come from the same atom.
- OXIDATION STATES OF COMPLEX IONS
- The overall charge on a complex ion is its total oxidation state. It's put outside the square brackets
- To work out the oxidation state of the metal ion within a complex use:
- The oxidation state of the metal ion= The total oxidation state of the complex - The sum of the oxidation states of the ligands
- SHAPES OF THE COMPLEX IONS
- 6 coordinate bonds - OCTAHED-RAL SHAPE
- 4 coordinate bonds - TETRAHED-RAL SHAPE
- EXCEPTIONS: E.G CISPLATIN
- SQARE PLANAR SHAPE
- EXCEPTIONS: E.G CISPLATIN
- 2 coordinate bonds- Some silver complexes have 2 coordinate bonds and form a LINEAR SHAPE.
- HEAM & HEAMOGLO-BIN
- Haemoglobin is a protein found in blood that helps to transport oxygen around the body.
- Haemoglobin contains Fe2+ ions, which are hexa-coordinated- 6 lone pairs are donated to them to form 6 coordinate bonds.
- 4 of the lone pairs come from NITROGEN atoms, which form a circle around the Fe2+.
- This part of the molecule is called HEAM.
- A molecule that the 4 nitrogen atoms are part of is multidentate ligand called a PORPHYRIN
- A protein called a GLOBIN and either OXYGEN or WATER molecule also bind to Fe2+ ion to form an octahedral structure.
- A molecule that the 4 nitrogen atoms are part of is multidentate ligand called a PORPHYRIN
- This part of the molecule is called HEAM.
- 4 of the lone pairs come from NITROGEN atoms, which form a circle around the Fe2+.
- A complex metal ion is a metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands.
- Different types of ligand
- Ligands that can only form ONE coordinate bond are called UNIDENTATE
- Ligands that can form TWO coordinate bonds are called BIDENTATE
- Ligands that can form more than one coordinate bond are called MULTIDENTA-TE
- So... A LIGAND is an atom, ion or molecule that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal.
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