Cofactors (Enzymes)
- Created by: Dolphin321
- Created on: 11-01-21 22:32
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- Cofactors
- Prosthetic Groups
- Refers to a permanently bound cofactor (with covalent bonds
- Example: carbonic anhydrase contains zinc ion permanently bound to its active site
- Is found in erythrocytes.
- Catalyses inter conversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid
- Enables carbon dioxide to be carried in the blood from respiring tissues to the lungs
- Other Cofactors
- Presence of certain ions that temporarily bind to enzyme/substrate molecule
- Eases the formation of the enzyme-substrate complexes = increased rate of enzyme catalysed reaction
- Some act of co-substrates - help form the correct shape to bind to the active site
- Some change the charge distribution on the enzyme or substrate's surface
- Makes temporary bonds easier to form
- Presence of certain ions that temporarily bind to enzyme/substrate molecule
- Coenzymes
- Small, organic, non protein molecules
- Example: Coenzymes NAD and NADP are sourced from Nicotinamide
- Binds temporarily to the active site just before or at the same time as the substrate binds
- Are chemically changed during the reaction - need to be recycled to original state
- Small, organic, non protein molecules
- Prosthetic Groups
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