What is a extracellular enzyme?
Name two examples.
Extracellular enzymes ‘works’ outside of the cell.
Example; Amylase, Trypsin.
1 of 19
What is an intracellular enzyme?
Name an example.
Intracellular enzymes ‘works’ inside of the cell.
Example; Catalase.
2 of 19
What is an anabolic pathway?
Energy is used to synthesise larger molecules from smaller ones.
3 of 19
What is a catabolic pathway?
Metabolites are broken down to smaller molecules and energy is released.
4 of 19
Name three types of metabolites.
Reactants, intermediates and products.
5 of 19
What are cofactors?
They are non-protein additions that are required for the protein to function. Some cofactors are covalently bonded to the enzyme but some are only temporarily associated with the enzyme.
6 of 19
What is a prosthetic group?
They are cofactors that are permanently covalently bonded to an enzyme.
7 of 19
What do temporarily associated cofactors do?
They bind to enzymes to enhance it’s activity.
8 of 19
What is a coenzyme?
They are cofactors that binds temporarily to the active site and they are organic.
9 of 19
What is the coenzyme that is bonded to Vitamin B12?
Cobalamin.
10 of 19
What reactions are hydrogen acceptors vital in?
They are vital in redox reactions, especially in respiration and photosynthesis reactions.
11 of 19
What is the lock and key model for enzymes?
It is when the active site has a complementary shape to the substrate. The substrate fits in the active site and forms an enzyme-substrate complex.
12 of 19
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
An enzyme lowers the activation energy, which means that the activation energy is more likely to be reached.
13 of 19
How does temperature affect enzyme activity?
The kinetic energy increases, so more enzyme-substrate complexes are formed. After the optimum temperature is reached, the enzyme will become denatured.
14 of 19
How does pH affect enzyme activity?
As the pH gets further from the optimal pH, the enzyme activity decreases. When it gets too high or low, the enzyme denatures.
15 of 19
How does substrate concentration affect enzyme activity?
As the rate of enzyme activity increases, there is a lot of substrate available to collide with active sites to form more enzyme-substrate complexes.
16 of 19
How does enzyme concentration affect enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity increases until it reaches the enzyme concentration ‘x’ as there are more active sites available.
17 of 19
What are enzyme inhibitors?
Inhibitors are molecules that prevent enzymes from carrying out their normal function of catalysis or slow them down.
18 of 19
What are the two types of enzyme inhibition?
Competitive and non-competitive inhibition.
19 of 19
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is an intracellular enzyme?
Name an example.
Back
Intracellular enzymes ‘works’ inside of the cell.
Example; Catalase.
Comments
No comments have yet been made