Science Chemistry Add Pt1
- Created by: caseywhite
- Created on: 06-04-15 20:18
View mindmap
- Chemistry Add Pt 1
- Covalent bonding
- When atoms of two non-metals combine, they share electrons to achieve noble gas electronic structures
- These structures are stable
- The outer electron shells of atoms overlap
- This sharing forms a covalent bond which holds the two atoms together
- Covalent bonds are very strong
- This sharing forms a covalent bond which holds the two atoms together
- A chlorine atom has seven outer electrons so it shares one more from another atom
- It can share from another chlorine atom or any non metal atom
- An oxygen atom has six outer electrons so needs two more to make eight
- In water, the oxygen shares two of its electrons, one with each hydrogen to make H2O
- To make a oxygen molecule
- Oxygen atoms share two electrons with another oxygen atom to make a double bond; two shared pairs of electrons
- To make a oxygen molecule
- In water, the oxygen shares two of its electrons, one with each hydrogen to make H2O
- How covalent bonds work
- The nuclei of both atoms involved in a covalent bond are positively charged
- The electrons involved in the bond are attracted to both nuclei
- And so remain a fixed distance apart from each nucleus
- This distance is called the bond length
- And so remain a fixed distance apart from each nucleus
- When atoms of two non-metals combine, they share electrons to achieve noble gas electronic structures
- Ionic bonding
- When a metal reacts with a non metal the metal atoms lose electrons
- They become positive ions, the non-metal atoms gain electrons and become negative ions
- The oppositely charged ions are electrostatic-ally attracted, this is ionic bonding
- Conducting electricity
- Ionic compounds can conduct electricity
- But only if the ions are free to carry the electric current
- Solid sodium chloride does not conduct as the ions cannot move
- Dissolved in water or molten it can conduct electricity
- This suggests the bonding is ionic
- Dissolved in water or molten it can conduct electricity
- Ionic compounds can conduct electricity
- When a metal reacts with a non metal the metal atoms lose electrons
- Covalent bonding
Comments
No comments have yet been made