Carbohydrates ,Lipids and Proteins
- Created by: therevisionlife
- Created on: 03-03-16 11:45
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- Carbohydrates ,Lipids and Proteins.
- Carbohydrates
- Simple Sugars
- Made of one Sugar Unit
- Sweet
- Soluble in water
- readily transported in blood
- dissolved in the plasma and provide cells with energy to be released in respiration
- Small - diffuse through partially permeable membranes.
- affects osmosis
- Complex Carbohydrates
- Long chains of sugar units bonded together
- known as polysaccharides
- NOT sweet
- insoluble
- Do not dissolve
- do not affect water potential of cell
- Don't affect Osmosis
- Food tests
- Test for starch
- Add Iodine
- if starch present = Blue/Black
- If no starch present = Brown
- Add Iodine
- Test for simple Sugar
- 2cm volume of solution being tested + equal amounts of blue benedict's solution
- Heat in boiling water bath for 1 min
- simple sugar present = brick red precipitate
- No sugar = remain blue
- Heat in boiling water bath for 1 min
- 2cm volume of solution being tested + equal amounts of blue benedict's solution
- Test for starch
- Examples
- Glucose
- Sucrose
- Simple
- complex
- Starch
- Cellulose
- Glycogen
- Simple Sugars
- Lipids
- made of a small molecule , GLYCEROL to which 3 fatty acids are bonded
- Otherwise known as fats and oils
- insoluble in water but not alchhol and other lipids
- jobs in the body
- Food/energy store
- Insulation against heat loss
- A source fat soluble vitamins
- Used to make cholesterol & steroid hormones
- used to make cell membranes
- Food Tests
- wipe on paper, if fat present it will turn translucent
- equal volume of ethanol and water added and shaken
- if present a cloudy white emulsion forms
- Proteins
- polymers made of long chains of amino acids
- There are 20 types of amino acid
- amino acid and therefore protein molecules contain nitrogen
- funtions
- HOrmones
- Antibodies
- Enzymes
- structuaral EG. muscle hair,nails.
- denaturing of proteins
- sensitive to changes in PH and high temperatures
- Food Tests
- equal volume of colourless sodium of potassium hydroxide to the soluble extract and shake.
- add a few drops of pale blue 1% copper sulphate
- Shake
- lilac colour = protein
- Turquoise colour = no protein
- Shake
- add a few drops of pale blue 1% copper sulphate
- BIURET TEST
- equal volume of colourless sodium of potassium hydroxide to the soluble extract and shake.
- Examples
- Haemoglobin
- Insulin
- Collagen
- Amylase
- polymers made of long chains of amino acids
- Carbohydrates
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