Biological Therapies for Phobia's
A summary, including A02/3 of Biological Therapies for Phobia's.
- Created by: Jessica Hewett
- Created on: 03-04-13 17:28
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- Biological Therapies for Phobia's...
- Chemotherapy (Drugs)
- Benzodiazepines (BZ's)
- Enhances Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter to slow nerve cell activity. increases chloride ion flow so receptors are harder to stimulate, so feel more relaxed
- Highly addictive.
- KAHN ET AL; BZ's are more effective than a placebo.
- HILDAGO ET AL; BZ's are more effective than anti-depressants.
- Beta-Blockers
- Reduces adrenaline and noradrenaline. bind to receptors in cells so lowers blood pressure so feel more relaxed.
- effective anxiety control, however still same results with a placebo
- TURNER ET AL; no difference in Beta-Blockers and placebo in heart rate and feeling nervous.
- LIEBOWITZ ET AL; effective anxiety control.
- KINDT ET AL; can block out painful memories.
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI's)
- Leaves serotonin in synapse for longer so more effective.
- AOUIZERATE; 50-80% found relief for those with social phobia's.
- SSRI's have fewer side effects than Benzodiazepine.
- KATZELNICK ET AL; improved levels of self rated anxiety with SSRI's
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI's).
- Blocks monoamine oxidase action, a chemical which breaks down noradrenaline and serotonin, so the person feels calmer.
- more effective than a placebo.
- more effective than Beta-Blockers.
- Side effects can include dizziness, insomnia, drowsiness and blurred vision.
- Benzodiazepines (BZ's)
- Surgery
- Capsulotomy and Deep Brain Stimulus. Surgical Intervention in the area of the brain that is malfunctioning. connections are severed to relieve psychological symptoms.
- Unethical, dangerous and harmful.
- Questionable as to if it works.
- RUCK ET AL; studied 26 patients and found success after Capsulotomy but 7 tried to commit suicide.
- A02 OF DRUG THERAPIES
- Addiction
- Side Effects
- Only treating symptoms
- Unethical in withholding treatment in placebo conditions
- Eliminating one set of symptoms can cause others to appear.
- VILET ET AL & GOULD ET AL; combined approach with psychological therapies would be best.
- Withdrawal symptoms when they have to stop takin the drugs as risk of addiction.
- Short term effects.
- Chemotherapy (Drugs)
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