Behavioral Approach to Phobias

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what is the view of the behavioral approach to phobias
it sees behaviors as being learnt through classical or operant conditioning
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What establishes Phobias
Classical conditioning
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How are Phobias created through classical conditioning
when the Natural fear response becomes associated with a particular stimulus
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What did WATSON AND RAYNER establish
that a particular stimulus can generalize to a similar stimulus
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What is an example to support WATSON and RAYNER
LITTLE ALBERT
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What maintains phobias
Operant conditioning
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How does Operant conditioning Maintain Phobias
it is learning from consequences of the action through either a positive or negative reinforcement
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What is the Two-Process Model responsible for
The creation and Maintenance of Phobias through classical and operant conditioning
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what is the advantage of the two model process established by BARLOW and DURAND
this cases is one of those who severely feared driving. 50% had actually been involved in an accident. Through CC the road accident becomes the CS for the Phobia
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What is the advantage of the Two process model relating to Behavioral therapies
They are efficient at treating phobias as they get the person to change their responses to the stimulus. Suggesting they treat the cause of the problem
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What is the disadvantage of the two model process as found by DAVEY
only 7% of those with a spider phobia had a traumatic experience with a spider. Suggesting that there may be other explanations such as biological
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what are the 2 behavioral therapies of treating phobias
1) systematic desensitization
2) flooding
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What is counter conditioning used for in systematic desensitization
to associate the phobia stimulus with relaxation not fear
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What is the first step of the System Desensitization
To create a Fear Hierarchy
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What is the second stage of Systematic desensitization
They are taught relaxation techniques
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what is the 3rd stage of systematic Desensitization
They imagine the situation and start using relaxation techniques. This is repeated for each stage of the hierarchy
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Reciprocal inhibitions
That relaxation and anxiety cannot happen at the same time
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What is flooding
Exposing the patient to the stimulus straight away without relaxation techniques or gradual build up
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What are the two ways in which Flooding can take place
Can be done in real life or by visualization
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How does flooding occur
Patient is kept in the situation until the anxiety has worn off and they realize nothing bad happened to them.
There is also a biological aspect after so long anxiety diminished
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What is one advantage of Systematic Desensitization
Is effective for specific phobias
- ZINGBARG - SD most effective currently known method for treating phobias
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What advantage did OST ET AL find to the behavioral phobia treatments
that anxiety was reduced in 90% of patients with specific phobias after one session
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What is a disadvantage of Behavioral therapies for Phobias particularly flooding
There are ethical issues.
Flooding = alot of anxiety. If patient leaves during treatment may cause the phobia to be worse
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What is a disadvantage of the behavioral approach for phobias
Only treats symptoms of the disorder. where as other therapies tackle the cause (CBT)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What establishes Phobias

Back

Classical conditioning

Card 3

Front

How are Phobias created through classical conditioning

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did WATSON AND RAYNER establish

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is an example to support WATSON and RAYNER

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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