Biochemistry summary
- Created by: georgia lines
- Created on: 27-02-14 10:32
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- Biochemistry
- Carbohdrates
- Monosaccharides
- small organic molecules
- building blocks
- CH2O
- ring structures in water
- Disaccharides
- 2 monosaccharides, glycosidic bond, elimination of water
- condensation
- glucose + glucose = MALTOSE
- glucose + fructose = SUCROSE
- glucose + galactose = LACTOSE
- 2 monosaccharides, glycosidic bond, elimination of water
- Polysaccharides
- polymers
- glycosidic bonds
- starch
- AMYLOSE
- linear
- AMYLOPECTIN
- branched
- AMYLOSE
- Monosaccharides
- Lipids
- non polar, insoluble in water
- glycerol + fatty acids = TRIGLYCERIDES by condensation
- water removed
- oxygen bond (ESTER) formed b/w glycerol + fatty acid
- saturated /unsaturated fatty acid
- water removed
- functions
- energy store
- protection
- insulation
- waterproofing
- Phospholipids
- lipid: non polar, insoluble
- HYDROPHOBIC
- phosphate group: polar, soluble
- HYDROPHILIC
- lipid: non polar, insoluble
- Proteins
- + nitrogen
- built of amino acids
- -NH2 plus -COOH
- Peptide bond
- amino group + carboxyl group (of another amino acid) with elimination of water
- structure
- Primary
- amino acids in polypeptide chain
- Secondary
- result of HYDROGEN bonding
- ALPHA HELIX
- result of HYDROGEN bonding
- Tertiary
- bending of polypeptide helix = compact = 3D
- DISULPHIDE, IONIC, HYDROGEN BONDS
- bending of polypeptide helix = compact = 3D
- Quaternary
- from 2+ polypeptide chains in tertiary
- Primary
- classification
- Fibrous
- parallel chains/sheets, w/ cross linkages = long fibres
- insoluble, strong, tough
- Globular
- spherical
- soluble
- Fibrous
- inorganic ions
- Macronutrients
- magnesium, iron, phosphate, calcium
- Micronutrients
- Macronutrients
- Water
- transparent
- light to pass =photosynthesis
- medium for metabolic reactions
- polar
- oxygen end -
- hydrogen end +
- high specific and latent heat
- max density 4 degreesC
- transparent
- Carbohdrates
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