b1.7 genetic variation and its control
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- Created on: 02-06-16 18:30
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- b1.7 genetic variation and its control
- variation is the term used to describe the differences between organisms of the same species
- key words
- DNA is the name given where there are several versions of a gene
- chromosomes are the x-shaped things that carry genetic information
- Gene is a section of DNA. they determine some of our charecteristics
- the nucleus is where the genetic information is found in a cell
- Allele is the double helix which chromosomes are made
- reproduction
- sexual reproduction
- when two parents are needed to produce offspring
- Sexual reproduction produces offspring that resemble their parents, but are not identical to them
- fusion of gametes - fertilization
- asexual reproduction
- when offspring are produced from only one parent
- Asexual reproduction produces offspring - clones - which are genetically identical to their parents
- no fusion of gametes
- sexual reproduction
- plant cloning
- clones are genetically identical individuals. many organisms produce clones by asexual reproduction
- cloning can be useful for producing many copies of an organism with desirable characteristics
- plant cloning techniques include taking cuttings and tissue culture
- cloning can be useful for producing many copies of an organism with desirable characteristics
- clones are genetically identical individuals. many organisms produce clones by asexual reproduction
- animal cloning
- the main steps are Removing the nucleus from an egg cell
- Putting the nucleus from an udder cell into the egg cell
- Giving the egg cell an electric shock to make it divide
- Implanting the embryo into a surrogate mother sheep (does not need to be related)
- The embryo will then grow into a clone of the sheep that supplied the udder cell
- Implanting the embryo into a surrogate mother sheep (does not need to be related)
- Giving the egg cell an electric shock to make it divide
- Putting the nucleus from an udder cell into the egg cell
- the main steps are Removing the nucleus from an egg cell
- genetic modification - this term is applied to organisms that have been genetically engineered
- genetic engineering the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material
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