Anxiety disorders-behavioural
Behavioural explanation of phobias
- Created by: hansolo
- Created on: 28-03-14 14:48
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- Anxiety disorders-behavioural
- Classical conditioning
- Watson and Rayner (1920)
- Little Albert study-fear of rats then generalised to white things in general
- AO2
- External validity-it cant be generalised to everyone
- Many people believed the little Albert experiment on a baby is ethically wrong
- Internal validity-the hypothesis was proved by Little Albert
- All behaviour is learned including abnormal behaviour
- Learning is understood via conditioning and modelling, what is learnt can be unlearnt the same way
- The same law applies to human and animal behaviour
- Watson and Rayner (1920)
- Operant conditioning
- Learning a new behaviour is dew to reward and punishment
- Positive reinforcement-being rewarded for behaviour
- negative reinforcement-behaving a way to avoid negative outcomes
- Punishment-punished for undesirable behaviour
- Learning a new behaviour is dew to reward and punishment
- Strenght
- Says phobias are due to maladaptive learning not a mental illness(reassuring)
- Based on individual experiences so is relevant to different cultures and societies(can be generalised)
- Weakness
- Many people have frightening experiences but don't develop phobias
- Dinardo et al found that some people with phobias had not had traumatic past experiences
- Many of the studies were conducted in laboratories-it looses ecological validity(can be strength)
- Classical conditioning
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