Agression
- Created by: Jodie Beard
- Created on: 08-04-15 18:50
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- Agression
- Development of Aggression
- Biological
- The Brain
- Limbic System is part of the central nervous system linked to aggression.
- Brain disease or trauma affecting the limbic system or PFC may lead to abnormally high levels of aggression.
- Chromosomal Abnormality
- Has been found in violent offenders
- Extra Y Chromosome. When 23rd Chromosome fails to divide.
- Has been found in violent offenders
- Hormones
- Hormones linked to aggression ie Testosterone
- Men have much higher levels than females
- Supported by findings that violent criminals have higher levels of testosterone than non-violent criminals
- Hormones linked to aggression ie Testosterone
- The Brain
- Psychological
- Psychodynamics and Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
- Unconscious drive that causes aggressive behaviour
- Caused by internal force called Thanatos- which drives us towards self destruction.
- Builds up creating pressure until we cannot control it.
- Dollard suggested we need a trigger for Thanatos to over spill- we need something to frustrate us.
- Builds up creating pressure until we cannot control it.
- Caused by internal force called Thanatos- which drives us towards self destruction.
- Protecting ourselves from self destruction.
- Sublimination- channelling aggression into other acceptable activities.
- Displacement- being aggressive to other people.
- Unconscious drive that causes aggressive behaviour
- Social Learning Theory
- Aggressive behaviour is learnt by observation and immitation
- Psychodynamics and Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
- Biological
- Research into Development of Aggression
- Biological - the Brain - Raine
- Ignores other possible factors that could have caused a difference between murderers and non
- Difficult to generalise findings
- 41 murderers had a PET scan and compared them with a matched pairs group of non murderers.
- Differences such as activity in the Pre-Frontal-Cortex was lower in non-murderers.
- When the Pre-Frontal-Cortex is not working normally it can lead to people committing violent crimes.
- Differences such as activity in the Pre-Frontal-Cortex was lower in non-murderers.
- Psychological - Frustration Aggression - Barker
- Children were kept waiting for a long time before being allowed to play with toys. Behaviour was then observed.
- Children were more destructive and aggressive than the children who had been not kept waiting.
- Being Frustrated does lead to an increase in aggression.
- Children were more destructive and aggressive than the children who had been not kept waiting.
- Lacks Mundane Realism.
- Ungeneralisable sample- children.
- Children were kept waiting for a long time before being allowed to play with toys. Behaviour was then observed.
- Psychological - Social Learning Theory - Bandura.
- Children ages 3-5 saw a model behaving aggressively towards a bobo doll. The children were then observed playing with the doll.
- Children were more likely to imitate a same sex model
- Male ppts + Male Model = 38%
- Male ppts + Female Model = 17%
- Female ppts + Female Model = 19%
- Female ppt and Male Model = 9%
- If Models were praised then high levels of aggression happened.
- Lacks Mundane Realism
- Ungeneralisable sample - Children
- Biological - the Brain - Raine
- Ways of Reducing Aggression
- Biological
- Drugs
- Stimulate the Pre-Frontal-Cortex. E.g Ritalin
- Problems of negative side effects or addiction
- Pschosurgery
- Destroying or removing part of the brain that isn't functioning properly. E.g amygdala or limbic system
- Problem of long term and irreversible brain damage or memory loss
- Drugs
- Psychodynamics and Frustration Aggression hypothesis
- Sublimination and Catharsis
- Watching someone else engaging in aggression can relieve built up aggression. E.g watching sports
- Gives a person ownership and power to change their aggressive urges elsewhere
- Watching aggression can subsequently lead to aggression
- Watching someone else engaging in aggression can relieve built up aggression. E.g watching sports
- Avoiding situations that cause frustration.
- The best way to reduce aggression is to avoid the initial cause of aggression and therefore the aggression that follows.
- Proposes the idea that aggression can be overcome before the event.
- You can't always control the events that make you frustrated.
- The best way to reduce aggression is to avoid the initial cause of aggression and therefore the aggression that follows.
- Sublimination and Catharsis
- Social Learning Theory
- Punishment
- Letting people observe aggressive models receiving punishment for violent behaviour or observing non-aggressive models reduces aggressive behaviour
- Research supports the idea that observing aggression being punished can reduce aggressive behaviour.
- Difficult to remove all the reinforcement, as it can come from several sources
- Letting people observe aggressive models receiving punishment for violent behaviour or observing non-aggressive models reduces aggressive behaviour
- Changing Models
- Changing the models people are exposed to.
- Difficult to change all the models people are exposed to
- Non-aggressive models = non-aggressive behaviour.
- Changing the models people are exposed to.
- Punishment
- Biological
- Development of Aggression
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