Adult Screening

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  • ADULT SCREENING
    • HYPERTENSI-ON TESTING
      • Clinical hypertension
        • Blood pressure consistently over 160/95
      • Normal for BP to rise under when we get older and are under stress
      • Pre-eclampsia
        • Very high blood pressure - extreme condition in pregnancy
      • More people suffer with hypertension than before
      • High BP increases a person's risk of life threatening conditions
      • Regular monitoring can help reduce the risk
        • May be through medication
    • SMEAR TESTS
      • Recommende -d 6 months after first intercourse
        • Then at 3 year intervals up to age 65
      • Age 25+
        • Too many false positives for under 25s
        • Trying to get it moved to 21
      • Detects abnormal cells in cervix
        • Indicates a pre-cancerous condition
      • 95% successful
      • Results take several weeks
      • Performed using a speculum and a specially shaped spatula
        • Scrape off some cells to be smeared onto a microscope slide
        • Now use a brush and send it away
    • EYE TESTS
      • Glaucoma
        • Intra-ocular pressure (inside eye) increases
          • Can cause patchy loss of peripheral vision
            • Permanent if untreated
            • Visual field tests
              • Snellen
        • Central vision last to be affected
        • Opthalmic optician
          • Applanation tonometer
            • Measures intra-ocular pressure
      • Astigmatism
        • Bumpy cornea
          • Makes some parts of vision better than others
        • Series of black line on green/red background
          • Some lines will look wavy/thicker if got an astigmatism
        • Corrected with glasses
      • Myopia (short sighted)
      • Hypermetropi-a (long sighted)
      • Presbyopia (age related)
    • MAMMOGRA-PHY
      • X-ray procedure for screening lumps and breast cancer
      • Can reveal lumps that aren't apparent to touch
      • Each breast compressed between a plastic plate and x-ray plate
        • Spreads tissue over wide area
        • Views taken from different angles
      • Specialists inspect the x-rays
        • Looking for dense tissue
      • If lump is found, biopsy is later performed
      • Routine screening for any women ages 40 with family history
        • Other women aged 50 - 65
      • Repeated every 3 - 4 years
    • TESTICULAR CANCER - PHYSICAL EXAMINATIO-N
      • Testicular cancer is rare in puberty and old age
      • Most common in men early 20s or middle aged
      • Has an extremely good cure rate when caught in early stages
      • Regularly feel surface of testes
        • Move loose skin of scrotum from side to side
        • Should not cause discomfort
        • Any firm lumps should be followed up by GP
          • Lumps not usually tender or painful

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