the oscillations are at right angles to the direction of propagation
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Longitudinal wave
The oscillations are parallel to the direction of propagation of energy
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Displacement
This is the distance a particles moves from its mean position.
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Polarisation
If oscillations are of each photon are orientated in the same plane.
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Amplitude
The greatest displacement of any particle from its mean position.
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wavelength
The distance from two identical points on the adjacent wave
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Frequency
The number of cycles per second
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period
the time taken for one complete cycle.
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the velocity of a wave
is the distance the wave has traveled per unit of time.
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Diffraction
this is the process whereby a wave, exciting an aperture whose width is of order of magnitude of the wavelength, spreads out, such that the direction of movement of energy is radically spread from the center of diffraction.
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The principle of superposition
states that the total displacements for any waves interfering, at that point.
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Phase difference
This is the difference, in terms of position with the cycle of oscillation by which one vibration leads or lags another.
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Interference
when a particle is subject to oscillation from various waves and the principle of superposition applies.
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Coherence
Two sources are said to be coherent if they have constant phase difference.
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Progressive wave
which transfersaave energy from a source at the velocity of the w
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Stationary wave
A Stationary wave is said to exist within a closed system of a source and reflector. There is no intended energy loss from this system.
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Nodes
these are the pints on a stationary wave where there is no displacement at any time. Adjacent nodes are half the wavelength apart.
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Snells Law
This states for two particular media, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant.
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refractive index of a substance
This is the speed which light travels in a vacuum divided by the speed of light in the substance
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critical angle
if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angles then the ray fails to exit the medium, but is instead reflected.
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Total internal reflection
this is the condition where a ray of light, travelling through one transparent medium , fails to exit that medium into an adjacent transparent medium but instead is reflected as if by a mirror.
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Multi-mode
Describes wires which are so wide they allow a significant variety of paths of travel through them.
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Mono-mode
This is where there is only one single path through the fiber- parallel to the axis. This type is very thin, maybe only a couple of wavelengths wide. Its is very good for data transfer as there is no time "spread" of data as it exits the other end.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The oscillations are parallel to the direction of propagation of energy
Back
Longitudinal wave
Card 3
Front
This is the distance a particles moves from its mean position.
Back
Card 4
Front
If oscillations are of each photon are orientated in the same plane.
Back
Card 5
Front
The greatest displacement of any particle from its mean position.
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