Topic 4 Wave - Overview!
- Created by: whatidobest101
- Created on: 24-05-14 20:33
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- 8. Nature of waves
- 8.1 Mechanical Oscillation
- Requires a medium!
- Longitudinal waves
- Particle oscillate parallel to wave motion
- e.g. Sound
- Compression
- Rarefactions
- Mechanical waves
- Particle oscillate perpendicular to wave motion
- displacement-distance graph and Displacement-time graph
- Phases
- Out of phase
- Antiphase
- Phase difference of 180°
- Phase difference
- Wave form
- Wave profile
- Sinusoidal
- Distance between two Adjacent positions that are in phase is the wavelength of the wave
- Phases
- 8.2 Electro-magnetic waves
- Created From accelerating Charged particles
- Also created from Quantum jumps by an electron in an atom or excited nuclei
- Electro-magnetic waves produced by the latter are Photons
- Also created from Quantum jumps by an electron in an atom or excited nuclei
- Requires no Medium!
- A varying Electric field cannot exist without a magnetic field
- Created From accelerating Charged particles
- 8.3 Wave Equations
- V=?/T
- f=1/T
- Wave Equation
- V=?f
- 8.1 Mechanical Oscillation
- When a wave is incident on an interface between two different media the energy may be absorbed, transmitted or reflected
- x=vt/2
- Calculating distance using sound
- Example of constructive & destructive
- Two in phase waves producing maximum amplitude (A+A=2A)
- Two anti-phase wave producing zero amplitude
- Destructive superposition
- Example of constructive & destructive
- Two in phase waves producing maximum amplitude (A+A=2A)
- S2P1-S1P1=n?
- n=the order of the maximum from centre (e.g 1st or 2nd maximum)
- Basic
- Constructive superposition
- Destructive superposition
- 10. Superposition of wave
- 10.2 standing waves
- Produced by superposition of two progressive waves of equal frequency and amplitude moving in opposite directions
- nodes
- Zero amplitude
- Antinodes
- Max amplitude
- Diff. between progressive waves (PW) and standing waves (SW)
- SW store energy, PW transfer energy from point to point
- Amplitude of SW vary from 0 to Max, PW have constant amplitude
- SW oscillations are in all in phase between nodes, PW phases vary continuously
- Standing waves on string
- Melde's exp.
- Sonometer
- harmonics
- Overtones
- Fundamental frequency
- Standing wave with 2 nodes and 1 antinodes
- String instruments
- Differentiate between instruments, by quality/timber of notes
- Difference is that wind can be either a node or antinode at wave boundaries
- Standing waves on wind instr.
- ???
- Standing waves on wind instr.
- Electron Diffraction
- ?= h/mv
- h= planck's constant= 6.6x10-34
- ?= h/mv
- 10.2 standing waves
- Constructive superposition
- Standing waves on wind instr.
- ???
- Close end(s) = node
- Open end(s) = antinodes
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