Watson and Rayner (1920)

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What are the procedures that took place?
-Emotional tests
-Establishing a response 11 months and 3 days
-Testing the response 11 months and 10 days
-Generalisation 11months and 15 days
-Changing the environment 11 months and 20 days
-Effect of time 1 year and 21 days
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What were the emotional tests?
At about 9 months, Albert was confronted with a white rat, rabbit, dog etc. for the first time and his responses were noted
Then a metal bar was struck behind him to test his fear reaction.
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What happened at 11 months and 3 days (establishing a response)
-Albert was presented with a white rat to see if previous experience had affected his response.
-Joint stimulation then occurred three times before the rat was presented alone.
-Joint stimulation occurred again twice before the rat was presented alone.
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What happened on 11 months and 10 days (Testing the response)?
-Albert was presented with a white rat to see if previous experience had affected his response.
-Join stimulation then occurred three times before the rat was presented alone.
-Joint stimulation occurred again twice before the rat was presented alone.
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What happened on 11 months and 15 days? (Generalisabilty)
-Alberts conditioned emotional response was tested with other objects to see if transference would occur-firstly with blocks and a white rat.
-Secondly with a rabbit, followed by a dog, fur coat, cotton wool and a Santa clause mask.
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What happened on 11 months and 20 days (Changing the environment)
-Albert was presented with blocks followed by a white rat.
-As the rat was placed on his hand the steel bar was struck.
-Albert was then presented with the rat followed by the rabbit and the blocks.
-Watson and Rayner 'freshened' the response to the rabbi
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Where did they move little albert to and what else happened on 11 months and 20 days?
-They moved the research into a large lecture room and presented albert with rat, rabbit and dog.
The steel bar was then struck when the rat was presented.
The rat,Blocks, rabbit and dog were then presented on their own.
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What happened on the 1 year and 21 days?
-To test the effect of time on conditioned responses, Albert was presented with Santa Clause mask, fur coat, blocks, rabbit, dog and rat.
-Albert was removed from the study on this day before Watson and Rayner could remove the conditoned emotional respons
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What was their methodology?
Watson and Rayners research methods were controlled observation.
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Explain their sample?
-Consisted of one baby chosen for his strong physical health and emotional stabablilty.
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What did they find when they did the emotional tests?
-Albert showed no fear response to the animals/objects.
- He trembled and cried when the steel bar was hit.
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What are the findings at 11 months and 3 days?
-Albert jumped and fell forward but did not cry when the steel bar was struck for the first time with the rat.
- He jumped, fell and whimpered when the bar struck again.
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What are the findings 11 months and 10 days?
-Albert was tentative towards the rat, his experience this week before had affected him.
-After joint stimulation (X3), Albert fell & whimpered when the rat was presented alone.
- After joint stimulation (X2), Albert cried instantly when the rat was then
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What are the findings at 11 months and 15 days?
-Albert played with blocks & only withdrew when the rat was presented, showing no transfer to other objects that were in the room during conditioning.
-He showed a negative response to the rabbit, dog & fur coat - crying with each of them.
- He showed a n
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What were the findings at 11 months and 20 days?
-Albert played with the blocks but withdrew himself from the rat.
-He showed a violent reaction when the bar was struck with rat.
-He fell over when presented with the rat alone, leaned away from the rabbit, but with the blocks.
-After 'refreshening' Albe
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What were the response in the lecture room?
-Alberts responses were less extreme to the rat, rabbit and dog.
-Albert jumped violently when the metal bar was struck.
- He whimpered when presented with the rat & rabbit, wailed at the dog & played with the blocks.
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What were the findings at 1 year and 21 days?
-Albert whimpered & cried when presented with the Santa Claus mask, fur coat, rabbit & dog. He withdrew from the rat & began to fret & began with the blocks as usual.
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What did Watson and Rayner conclude?
-A fear response can be conditioned to a neutral stimuli.
-Conditioned emotional responses can be transferred to similar stimuli.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the emotional tests?

Back

At about 9 months, Albert was confronted with a white rat, rabbit, dog etc. for the first time and his responses were noted
Then a metal bar was struck behind him to test his fear reaction.

Card 3

Front

What happened at 11 months and 3 days (establishing a response)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happened on 11 months and 10 days (Testing the response)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happened on 11 months and 15 days? (Generalisabilty)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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