Vocab for English

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Context
The external factors that shape how the texts are produced and received.
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Discourse Event
An act of communication occurring at a specific time and location involving writers/speakers and readers/writers.
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Text Producer
The person or people responsible for creating a text. (Via writing or speaking)
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Text Receiver
The person or people interpreting a text. (Via reading or listening)
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Multi-purpose text
A text that clearly has more than one purpose.
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Primary Purpose
The main and most easily recognisable purpose.
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Secondary Purpose
An additional and perhaps subtle purpose.
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Implied Reader
A constructed image of an idealised reader.
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Actual Reader
Any person or group of people who engage with and interpret a text.
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Implied Writer
A constructed image of an idealized writer.
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Actual Writer
The 'real' person or people responsible for text production.
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Discourse Community
A group of people with shared interests and belief systems who are likely to respond to texts in different ways.
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Mode
The physical channel of communication, either speech or writing.
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Oppositional View
A way of defining the difference between modes by arguing that they have completely different features.
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Continuum
A sequence in which elements that are next to each other are not noticeably different from each other.
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Blended-mode
A text which contains conventional elements from both speech and writing.
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Prototype Model
A model of looking at differences within a category or mode by thinking about typical and less typical examples.
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Genre
A way of grouping texts based on expected shared conventions.
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Intertextuality
A process by which texts borrow from, or refer to conventions of other texts for a specific purpose and effect.
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Narrative
Writing or speech that presents a series of events, characteristics and places in a coherent form.
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Narrator
A person responsible for writing or speaking a narrative.
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Narratee
The person to whom a narrative is told.
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Time Frame
The positioning of a narrative in the past, present or future.
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Story
The building blocks of a narrative in terms of events, characters, time and place.
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Narrative Discourse
The shaping of the story through choices in language and structure.
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Central Events
Main events that are crucial to the overall story.
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Additional Events
Secondary events that are not necessarily crucial to the overall story but through being included may have been highlighted as important.
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Knowledge frame/schema
A mental store of knowledge about the world gained through experience.
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Gap-filling
The act of adding a rich sense of meaning to individual words and phrases based on our own knowledge and the context in which they appear.
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Tellability
The features of a story that make it worth telling to an audience.
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High Tellability
The characteristic of a narrative that presents interesting material in an engaging way.
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Low Tellability
The characteristic of a narrative that presents uninteresting material in an uninspiring way.
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Noun
A word that names a thing or a concept.
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Verb
A word that shows a state of being, action or concept.
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Adjective
A word that modifies a noun.
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Adverb
A word that modifies a verb, adjective or other adverb.
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Pronoun
Replaces a Noun.
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Determiner
Adds detail or clarity to a Noun.
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Prepostion
Provides connections between words, often showing a pace or time.
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Conjunction
Provides connections between the larger structures, phrases, clauses and sentences.
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Word Class
A group of words that fulfill the same kind of role and function in speech and writing.
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Open (or lexical) Word class
A word class that is generally open to new membership.
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Closed (or grammatical) Word class
A word class that doesn't really admit new members.
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Proper Noun
Refers to names of people or places.
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Abstract Noun
Refers to states, feelings and concepts that do not have a physical existence.
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Concrete Noun
Refers to objects that have a physical existence.
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Material Verb
Shows actions or events.
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Relational Verb
Identity properties or show states of being.
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Mental Verb
Shows internal processes such as thinking.
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Verbal Verb
Shows external processes of communication through speech.
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Bases adjectives and adverbs
The basic form of an adjective or adverb, modifying another word.
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Comparative adjectives and adverbs
A form used to compare more than two instances, identifying a best example.
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Superlative Adjective and Adverbs
A form used to compare more than two instances, identifying a best example.
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Personal Pronoun
Refers to people and are differentiated in terms of person (1st, 2nd or 3rd), number (singular or plural) and gender (male or female).
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Demonstrative Pronoun
Orientate the reader or listener towards a person, object or idea, either nearby or further away.
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Indefinite Pronoun
Refers to a person, object or idea that is non-specific.
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An Article (Determiner)
Show that something is definite or indefinite.
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Possessive Determiner
Shows ownership.
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Quantifiers (Determiner)
Show either specific or non-specif quantities of a noun.
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Co-ordinating Conjunctions
Link words that are larger that structures such as phrases and clauses together where they are equal.
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Sub-ordinating
Link clauses together to show one is dependent on another.
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Semantic Field
A group of words related to the same subject.
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Collocated Words
Words that typically appear together.
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Fixed Expression
A well-used group of words that becomes accepted and used as one long structure.
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Synonym
A word that has the equivalent meaning to another word.
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Euphemism
A more socially acceptable word or phrase.
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Dysohemism
Using a blunt or direct word instead of a more polite or indirect alternative close to taboo.
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Antonyms
Words that have opposite meanings.
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Hyponymy
The way of viewing the relationship between more general and specific words.
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Metaphor
A structure that presents one thing in terms of another.
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Morphology
The study of word formations.
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Syntax
The study of how words form larger structures such as; phrases, clauses and sentences.
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Descriptive
Taking an approach to language study that focuses on how language is actually used.
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Prescriptive
Taking an approach to language study that focuses on rules and notions of correctness.
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Root
A morpheme that can stand on its own and can usually form a word in its own right.
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Suffix
A morpheme that comes after a root word to modify its meaning.
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Prefix
A morpheme that goes before a root word to modify its meaning.
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Affix
The overall term for an addition to a root (a prefix or suffix) to modify its meaning or create a new word.
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Inflectional Function
The way an affix shows a grammatical category such as a verb tense or a plural noun.
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Derivational Function
The way that an affix helps form a new word by attaching itself to a root.
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Noun Phrase
A group of words built around a noun.
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Verb Phrase
A group of words built around a head (main) verb.
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Head Word
The main noun in the phrase.
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Pre-modifier
A word that goes before the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it.
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Qualifier
An additional word or phrase that adds some further detail to the noun.
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Post-modifier
A word that comes after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it.
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Primary Auxiliary Verb
An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show tense.
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Modal Auxiliary Verb
An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show the degree of commitment towards an event or person that a speaker holds.
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Simple Sentence
A sentence consisting of only one clause with a single subject.
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Compound Sentence
A sentence with more than one subject or predicate.
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Complex Sentence
A sentence containing a subordinate clause or clauses.
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Minor Sentence
An incomplete sentence or clause, that still conveys meaning.
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Declarative Sentence
A sentence in the form of a statement.
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Interrogative Sentence
A sentence that asks a question.
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Imperative Sentence
Requests, commands, advice or suggestions.
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Exclamatory Sentence
A statement that has an exclamation mark at the end.
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Antithesis
A phrase using opposite or contrasting ideas.
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Polyptoton
Using the same word in different forms within a phrase or sentence.
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Anadiplosis
Starting a new sentence/clause with the last word of the last sentence/clause.
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Diacope
Repeating a phrase with a word or two stuck in between.
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Epizeusxis
Repeating a word immediately in exactly the same sense.
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Isocolon
Two clauses that are structured in the exact same way.
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Prolepsis
Using a pronoun before the noun is introduced.
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Litosis
Affirming something by denying its opposite.
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Anaphora
Starting each sentence with the same words.
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Congeries
A posh words for "a huge list".
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Syndeton
A grammatical construction in which two clauses are joined by a conjunction.
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Asyndeton
A sentence without a conjunction.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

An act of communication occurring at a specific time and location involving writers/speakers and readers/writers.

Back

Discourse Event

Card 3

Front

The person or people responsible for creating a text. (Via writing or speaking)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The person or people interpreting a text. (Via reading or listening)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A text that clearly has more than one purpose.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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