VN- Cells
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- Created by: Chloe Arundel
- Created on: 19-01-22 17:04
What are a group of cells performing a specialised function called?
body tissue
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What are a group of tissues performing a specialised function called?
organ
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What does the prefix 'cyte' mean?
cell
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What's the role of the nucleus?
controls the cell and contains the DNA
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What's the role of cytoplasm?
part of the cell where everything is contained within
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What are centrioles?
organise the nuclear spindle during cell division
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What's the nucleolus?
inside the nucleus and manufactures ribosomes
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What is mitochondria?
produces energy in the form of ATP
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What are ribosomes?
synthesises proteins
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What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?
folds which ribosomes are attached, synthesises and transports proteins
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What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
folds with no ribosomes, synthesises and transports lipids and steroids
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What is the golgi apparatus?
helps make lysosomes and transport substances in and out of the cell
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What are lysosomes?
vacuoles that contain lysosomal enzymes
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What must all cells be able to do?
obtain energy, expel waste, respire and reproduce
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How are substances able to pass through the cell?
because the cell membrane is semipermeable
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What three ways are PASSIVE TRANSPORT?
osmosis, diffusion and facilitated diffusion
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How do substances pass through using osmosis?
passage of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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How do substances pass through using diffusion?
passage of solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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How do substances pass through using facilitated diffusion?
solutes combine with a carrier molecule in the cell membrane
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What three ways are ACTIVE TRANSPORT?
membrane pumps, phagocytosis and pinocytosis
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How does a substance pass using membrane pumps?
actively transport sodium and potassium in and out of the cell
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How does a substance pass using phagocytosis?
uptake of solid material into the cell by invagination of the cell membrane
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How does a substance use pinocytosis to pass?
uptake of liquid matter into the cell by invagination
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What happens if the cell's concentration is higher than its surroundings?
water will move into the cell by osmosis and solutes will move out of the cell by diffusion
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What happens if the cell's concentration is lower than its surroundings?
water will move out of the cell by osmosis and solutes will move into the cell by diffusion
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What happens to the cell when water moves in via osmosis?
cell will swell
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What happens to the cell when water moves out of the cell via osmosis
cell will shrink
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What describes a hypotonic solution?
low concentrations than the concentration inside a given cell/tissue/body compartment
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What describes an isotonic solution?
have the same concentrations as the concentration inside a given cell/tissue/body compartment
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What describes a hypertonic solution?
have a higher concentration than the concentration inside the given cell/ tissue/ body compartment
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What is the remaining amount of extracellular fluid in animals who are 60% water?
1/3
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Where can you find extracellular fluid?
blood/lymph vessels, plasma and surrounding cells in body tissue
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Name for the maintenance of optimal conditions?
homeostasis
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Name for the homeostatic mechanism that maintains optimal fluid levels in all body compartments?
osmoregulation
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What is thermoregulation?
maintain correct temperatures for bodily functions
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What is excretion?
get rid of toxic substances
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What are buffer systems?
maintain the correct body
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What is blood pressure?
helps move water in and out of the vascular system on a larger than cellular level
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What is metabolism?
sum of total chemical reactions taking place in the body
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What are protons?
positively charged and contained in the nucleus
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What are neutrons?
neutral charge and contained in the nucleus
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What are electrons?
negatively charged and orbiting in shells around the nucleus
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What is the name of a negatively charged atom?
anion
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are a group of tissues performing a specialised function called?
Back
organ
Card 3
Front
What does the prefix 'cyte' mean?
Back
Card 4
Front
What's the role of the nucleus?
Back
Card 5
Front
What's the role of cytoplasm?
Back
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