one in which reduction and oxidation occur at the the same time
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What is reduction?
a gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation state
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What is oxidation?
a loss of electrons and an increase in oxidation state
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how does an oxidising agent work?
causes oxidation in another species, in doing so is reduced itself
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how does a reducing agent work?
causes reduction in another species, in doing so is oxidised itself
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What is the oxidation state of a single element?
0
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What is the oxidation state of an ion of an element?
the same as its charge
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What is the oxidation state of combined oxygen?
-2, except in peroxides or fluorine containing compounds
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What is the oxidation state of combined hydrogen?
+1, except in metal hydrides(-1)
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What is the oxidation state of a compound?
total of 0
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What is the oxidation state of a molecular ion?
total of the charge
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What is the oxidation state of combined fluorine?
-1
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How is the oxidation state shown when naming a compound?
Roman numerals in brackets after the element, eg. lead (IV) oxide
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When writing half equations, how many elements change oxidation states?
1
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What state should all ions be in?
aqueous conditions (both products and reactants)
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What conditions should reactions containing H+ or OH- be under?
H+=acidic OH-=alkaline
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How do you write half equations?
write reactant+product species containing element that changes state,balance mols,add e- to balance change in state,add H2O to balance O2, add H+ to balance H2(and charge)
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How do half equations create overall equations?
added more than one together. electrons cancel out and one or both reactions will be scaled up to enable this
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is reduction?
Back
a gain of electrons and a decrease in oxidation state
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