infants grow rapidly and roughly reach 1/2 their adult height by 2 yrs
adolescents experience growth spurts during puberty
adults reach full height during early adulthood
1 of 14
what are the 4 principles of growth?
1.growth rates aren’t constant
2. different body parts grow at different rates
3.growth rates vary
4.boys growth rates are usually faster on average than girls
2 of 14
length or height?
0-2=length, lying down
2+=height, standing up
3 of 14
when and why do you measure head circumference?
birth and 6-8 weeks old, identify any abnormalities in skull or brain growth
4 of 14
what is growth an indicator of?
child’s health and well-being
5 of 14
what do centile lines represent?
values of measurements from a large group of children to show ‘norms’ of growth in each age group
6 of 14
what do growth charts show?
length, height, weight and head dimensions expected at an age
comparing is important to show signs of ill health and developmental problems
different for boys and girls as expected rate of growth varies
7 of 14
what is physical, intellectual, emotional sand social development?
physical-growth and other physical changes that happen through life
intellectual-development of language, memory and thinking skills
emotional-ability to cope with feelings towards ourselves and others
social-ability to form friendships and relationship
8 of 14
what are development milestones?
rate of development may vary between individuals but follows same sequence called a milestone (developmental norm)
e.g. 0-3m=gurgling & crying to communicate
18m=six to ten words
2y=link words together
3y=simple sentences
8y=reason and explain
9 of 14
what are gross motor skills?
control of large muscles
for example:crawling, walking, running, balancing, coordinating, bending, climbing, pulling, pushing, kicking, scooting, jumping and skipping
10 of 14
how do infants develop gross motor skills?
develop from head down
6m=control neck&back muscles so they can roll, sit and crawl
11-13m=leg muscles develop, can stand, crawl and walk
2y=climb onto low furniture, propel sit-on toy, by 2 1/2 they can kick a ball
11 of 14
examples of early childhood development of gross motor skills
>3-4 balance and walk along line 5-8 balance on low beam
>3-4 run backwards and forwards 5-8 skip with a rope
>3 pedal and control tricycle 6 ride a bicycle
>3-4 hop on one foot 5-8 hop, skip & jump with confidence
>3 throw ball 4 aim it 5-8 accurately
12 of 14
what are fine motor skills
controlling and coordinating the movement of small muscles
13 of 14
how do fine motor skills develop from 0-18m?
newborn=grasp adults finger
3m=hold rattle for short time
6m=grasp toy, pass from hand to hand
12m=pick up small objects using pincer grasp
18m=build with small blocks, use spoon, make marks with crayons using palmar grasp
2y=pull on shoes, control c
14 of 14
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what are the 4 principles of growth?
Back
1.growth rates aren’t constant
2. different body parts grow at different rates
3.growth rates vary
4.boys growth rates are usually faster on average than girls
Comments
No comments have yet been made