understanding organisms

?
What is meant by fitness?
The ability to do physical activity
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What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?
It combines with haemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport by red cells
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One problem caused by excessive intake of salt in the diet is:
high blood pressure
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Regular exercise and a balanced diet can bring about:
a reduction in blood pressure
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Nicotine is the additive substance in tobacco. It can cause:
increased heart rate
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The risk of a heart attack is increased if:
the coronary arteries are narrowed
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Why are proteins important in a balanced diet?
They are needed for growth and repair
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Iron is important in the diet because:
it is needed for haemoglobin found in red blood cells
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Which statement about carbohydrates is correct?
They are made up of simple sugars
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What happens to carbohydrates in the liver?
They are stored as glycogen
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What is kwashiorkor caused by?
Protein deficiency
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What is the BMI at which a person is considered obese?
30
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What is the BMI of an 80 kg person who is 2 m tall?
20
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What is the EAR for a 50 kg person?
30g
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Proteins from animals are called 'first class' proteins because:
they contain all the essential amino acids
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What is a pathogen?
A disease-causing microorganism
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What causes red-green colour deficiency?
It is an inherited disorder.
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Hydrochloric acid in the stomach:
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills pathogens.
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What is the vector in the spread of malaria?
The mosquito
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Which of the following is a function of antibodies?
Antibodies lock on to antigens, leading to the death of pathogens.
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What is the feature of a double blind trial?
Doctors and patients don't know if the drug is real
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Which statement about immunity is correct?
Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies
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Which statement about tumours is correct?
Benign tumours grow slowly and are usually harmless
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What can vaccination involve?
Injecting a harmless form of the pathogen to stimulate immunity.
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It is important to use antibiotics carefully because:
It reduces the spread of resistant strains Correct.
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What is the eye an example of?
A sense organ
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Which type of neurone transmits a signal from a sense organ to the central nervous system?
Sensory
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Which type of neurone transmits a signal from the central nervous system to an effector such as a muscle?
Motor
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What is a synapse?
A junction between two neurones
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Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
The iris
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Two parts of the eye that are involved in focussing are:
The lens and cornea
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Animals with eyes on the sides of their heads have:
poor depth perception and a good field of view
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Long sight is a vision defect. People with long sight:
can see distant objects clearly, but not near objects because the lens focuses the image behind the retina
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Which statement about correcting vision defects is correct?
You said: Short sight is corrected with a concave lens and long sight with a convex lens
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When the eye accommodates to see a near object:
the ciliary muscles contract and the suspensory ligaments slacken
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In the classification of drugs:
class C is the least dangerous with the lightest penalties Correct.
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What do stimulants do to the body?
Stimulants increase the brain's activity.
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Alcohol, solvents and temazepam are examples of:
depressants
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LSD distorts what is seen and heard. This makes it:
a hallucinogen
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What is the addictive substance in tobacco?
Nicotine
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The addictive substance in alcoholic drinks is:
ethanol
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Which of the following is a short-term effect caused by excessive alcohol intake?
Slurred speech
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When a driver drinks an alcoholic drink:
their reaction time will decrease
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The normal core temperature for the body is approximately:
The normal core temperature is about 37°C.
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Body temperature can be measured in:
You said: the mouth, ear or anus
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Which statement about diabetes is correct?
Type 1 is caused by the failure to produce insulin. Correct.
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How does insulin travel around the body?
In the bloodstream
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One of the symptoms of hypothermia is:
shivering
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What happens when blood sugar levels become too high?
Insulin is secreted, causing the conversion of glucose to glycogen
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Responses controlled by hormones are usually:
slower than those controlled by the nervous system
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Shoots are:
positively phototropic but negatively geotropic
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Roots are:
negatively phototropic but positively geotropic
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Which statement about auxins is correct?
They move through the plant in solution
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How can hormones be used to control fruit ripening?
Plant hormones can speed up or slow down ripening
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A phototropism involves a response to:
light
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Where is auxin made in the plant?
In the growing tip of a shoot or root
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Which side of a shoot contains more auxin?
The shaded side
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When a root bends in the direction of the force of gravity:
the top side grows more than the bottom side
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What type of factor is involved in determining body mass?
Both environmental factors and inherited factors
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How many chromosomes do human body cells have?
Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 altogether.
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What are alleles?
Different forms of a gene
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Which statement about the inheritance of gender is correct?
Sperm cells can carry X chromosomes or Y chromosomes
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In a genetic diagram, how is a dominant allele shown?
As a capital letter
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You only need one copy of the faulty allele to have Huntington's disease. This means that the allele is:
dominant
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An individual with two identical alleles for a certain gene is said to be:
Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a certain gene.
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The characteristics expressed by an individual is called their:
The characteristics expressed by an individual is their phenotype.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?

Back

It combines with haemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport by red cells

Card 3

Front

One problem caused by excessive intake of salt in the diet is:

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Regular exercise and a balanced diet can bring about:

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Nicotine is the additive substance in tobacco. It can cause:

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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