System of government that encourages participation and allows for free and fair competition between competing interests.
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Homogeneity
People within a country share certain key values which brings them together. Britain is no longer characterised by homogeneity because of things such as immigration and Scottish and Welsh nationalism. It's now multicultural.
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Consensus
Citizens accept the need for pragmatism and tolerance. Led to rise of figures such as Thatcher. Decline in recent years due to direct action and single-issue campaigns.
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Deference
People accepting an elite 'born to rule'.
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Name 3 reasons for low turnout.
Intelligent voters - Only vote if result is particularly important. Apathetic voters - 'All parties are the same' view. Media-driven voters - Only vote if press coverage is high.
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Name 5 types of non-electoral participation.
Membership of a political party, writing to an MP, pressure groups, fundraising, and canvassing.
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Differential turnout
The way in which the national turnout figure often obscures significant regional variations. Variations may occur from the importance of local issues of from the extent to which voters in different areas believe their vote is likely to make change.
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What was the last 4 turnouts at general elections (2010, 2005, 2001)?
1967 - He discovered that women were more pro-Tory than men because of the Tories' traditional values. This changed in the 1980s when Labour aimed policies at women and had a Minister for Women.
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What is the primacy and recency model?
Primacy - Long term factors more important than short term. Recency - Short term factors more important.
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What is swing?
The measurement of movement of votes from one party to another, between one election and the next. In 2010 Labour's national vote fell 6.2% and the Tories' rose 3.7%, giving them a 4.95% swing.
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What is churn?
When large numbers of voters switch their support between parties, between elections, while the headline stats (seats) reamain the same.
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What can lead to inaccuracies in polls?
Respondents not registered to vote. Respondents were lying. Respondents were floating voters.
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What is the manipulative theory?
Theory that media are controlled by and elite who use the media as a tool to preserve its own position.
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What is the hegemonic theory?
Those who work in the media are subconsciously putting across a view they have based on social upbringing.
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What is the selective exposure?
People choose the newspaper that best represents their view.
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What is selective retention?
People forget content of media that challenges their views.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Homogeneity
Back
People within a country share certain key values which brings them together. Britain is no longer characterised by homogeneity because of things such as immigration and Scottish and Welsh nationalism. It's now multicultural.
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