The Structure of the Atmosphere 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyWeather systemsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: OctaviaLCreated on: 24-05-16 10:02 Define 'atmosphere'. The mixture of gases surrounding the Earth. 1 of 21 How much of the atmoshpere is nitrogen and oxygen? 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen. 2 of 21 What is the basic structure of the atmosphere? (Altitude increasing) Troposphere, Tropopause, Stratosphere, Stratopause, Mesosphere, Mesopause, Thermosphere. 3 of 21 50% of the atmosphere lies within how far from the Earth's surface? 5.6km 4 of 21 How does pressure change with altitude? Pressure decreases exponentially with height above Earth's surface. 5 of 21 What is atmospheric pressure at Earth's surface? About 1050mb. 6 of 21 What heights is the troposphere? 0-12,000m / 0-12km 7 of 21 How does temperature change in the troposphere? Temperature decreases at a constant rate from 15 C to -55 C. 8 of 21 What is the height of the tropopause at the equator? 17km. 9 of 21 What is the height of the tropopause at the poles? 8km. 10 of 21 What is the role of the tropopause? Acts as a temperature inversion and therefore provides an upper limit to Earth's weather systems. 11 of 21 What has global warming been linked to? Changes in the stratosphere from human activity. 12 of 21 What heights is the stratosphere? 20,000-50,000m / 20-50km 13 of 21 How do temperatures change in the stratoshpere? Why? Temperatures increase from -55 C to -5 C with altitude due to the ozone which filters out UV radiation. 14 of 21 In the stratosphere, warming is greater over the polar regions than the tropics. What effect does this have? Temperature differences cause strong horizontal air movements. 15 of 21 What is the stratoshpere free from? Cloud and dust. 16 of 21 What heights are the mesosphere? 58,000-80,000m / 58-80km 17 of 21 How does temperature change in the mesosphere? Temperature decreases from -5 C to -95 C with altitude. This is the coldest part of the atmosphere. 18 of 21 What is the upper limit of the mesosphere marked by? Mesopause. 19 of 21 How does temperature change in the thermosphere? Temperature increase at a constant rate as distance to the sun decrease, up to as high as 1,500 C. 20 of 21 What heights is the thermosphere? 90,000+ m / 90+ km 21 of 21
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