The Nervous System
- Created by: Jenp15
- Created on: 03-02-23 10:16
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Clues
- *Neurones - excitable cells that transmit electrical impulses -Extreme longevity -Amitotic -High metabolic rate *Most neuron cell bodies are in the CNS (grey matter) *Collection of them = nuclei *Fewer in the PNS. collection in PNS= ganglia (5, 5)
- -Axons; core of cerebellum and cerebrum; connecting fibres between areas of the brain e.g. corpus callosum and internal capsule (5, 6)
- -Cell Bodies and dendrites; form nuclei e.g. Thalamus; also form outer layer of cortex (Sulci and Gyri) (4, 6)
- -H-shaped central core of grey matter with anterior and posterior horns; surrounded by white matter -White matter- tracts of nerve fibres carrying impulses up (sensory) and down (motor) -Grey matter- anterior (motor neurons); posterior (sensory neurone); (6, 4)
- -Involves motor cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, spinal cord and thalamus -Basal ganglia - at base of cerebral cortex and midbrain -Relies on sensory cues from the environment to process movement responses -Info from movement and sensory areas of corte (5, 9)
- -Last a lifetime if you look after them (over 100 years) -Lose their ability to divide once they have specialised, so if they are destroyed, they can not be replaced. -Require a lot of oxygen and glucose to function properly (5, 5, 5)
- -Pathways to and from the brain - motor and sensory -E.g. Pain, crude touch and temperature -Pain and temperate pathway/spinothalamic tract (6, 6)
- -Regulates local activity between Sc and muscles -Stretch reflex - stops you from overstretching a muscle -Flexor or pain reflex - pulls away from a harmful stimulus (6, 6)
- -Thalamus -All sensory information (expect smell) passes through the thalamus and radiates out of the cortex -Internal capsule -Contains fibres to and from the spinal cord and cortex (7, 9)
- -Upper motor neurone are in the CNS -Lower motor neurone originate in the anterior columns of the spinal cord (motor tracts) or the nuclei of the motor cranial nerves (5, 8, 4)
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