The Nervous System 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? Health & Social CareAnatomy & Physiology UniversityNone Created by: Jenp15Created on: 03-02-23 10:16 69357121084 Across 1. -Thalamus -All sensory information (expect smell) passes through the thalamus and radiates out of the cortex -Internal capsule -Contains fibres to and from the spinal cord and cortex (7, 9) 4. -Each neuron has a single axon -Some are short, others are long (e.g. Nerve fibre from spine to foot) -Generate and transmit nerve messages away from the cell body via the axonal terminals -Impulse in terminal causes secretion of neurotransmitter that f (5) 7. *Neurones - excitable cells that transmit electrical impulses -Extreme longevity -Amitotic -High metabolic rate *Most neuron cell bodies are in the CNS (grey matter) *Collection of them = nuclei *Fewer in the PNS. collection in PNS= ganglia (5, 5) 10. -Myelin sheath covers long or large nerve fibres (axons) -White, fatty sheath called myelin -Increases speed of transmission -Formed by Schwann cells in the PNS and oligodendrocytes in CNS -Forms the 'white matter' in brain and spinal cord. Cell bodies (6) Down 2. -H-shaped central core of grey matter with anterior and posterior horns; surrounded by white matter -White matter- tracts of nerve fibres carrying impulses up (sensory) and down (motor) -Grey matter- anterior (motor neurons); posterior (sensory neurone); (6, 4) 3. -Pathways to and from the brain - motor and sensory -E.g. Pain, crude touch and temperature -Pain and temperate pathway/spinothalamic tract (6, 6) 5. -Surround branching extensions close to the cell body -Provide huge surface area for reception of signals from other neurone -Convey messages towards the cell body (9) 6. -Involves motor cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, spinal cord and thalamus -Basal ganglia - at base of cerebral cortex and midbrain -Relies on sensory cues from the environment to process movement responses -Info from movement and sensory areas of corte (5, 9) 8. -Information from one neutron flows to another neurone across a synapse -The synapse is a small gap separating neurones -The synapse consists of: *a presynaptic ending that contains neurotransmitters, mitochondria and other cell organelles *A postsynapt (7) 9. -Dura mater- lines cranial vault and vertebral canal; thick, collagen and elastin -Arachnoid mater - thin membrane separated from dura mater by fluid. Deep to this is the subarachnoid space containing CSF. -Pia mater- loose membrane of connective tissue; (8)
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