The Nervous System

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  • Created on: 03-05-21 13:31
What are the two nervous systems called?
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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What is the function of the CNS?
- Receives and processes information and responds accordingly
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What is the function of the PNS?
- A network of neurones which relay messages from the CNS to the rest of the body
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What is the CNS made up of?
- Brain
- Spinal Cord
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What are the two branches of the PNS?
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
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What is the function of the ANS?
- Involuntary actions
i.e heart rate and digestion
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What is the function of the SNS?
- Voluntary actions
i.e. waving and clapping
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What are the sub-branches of the
ANS called?
- Sympathetic
- Parasympathetic
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What is the function of the
sympathetic branch?
- Stress response ('Fight or Flight')
- Increases bodily activity
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Name some physiological actions
issued by the sympathetic branch.
- Increased heart rate
- Increased breathing rate
- Inhibited digestion
- Pupil dilation
...
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What is the function of the parasympathetic branch?
- Rest response ('Rest and Digest')
- Decreases bodily activity
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Name some physiological actions issued
by the parasympathetic branch.
- Decreased heart rate
- Digestion stimulation
- Decreased breathing rate
...
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What causes a balance between these two branches?
Homeostasis
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What is the definition of homeostasis?
Maintaining a constant internal environment
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What is the first stage of the 'Fight or Flight' response?
- The hypothalamus detects a threat in the environment
- The hypothalamus activates the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
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What is the second stage of the 'Fight or Flight' response?
- This activation triggers the release of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline from
the adrenal glands
- These are released into the blood stream
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What is the third stage of the 'Fight or Flight' response?
- The release of hormones creates physiological changes to prepare the body for immediate survival
- For example, heart rate increases,
breathing rate increases, digestion slows...
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How does the body return back to normal?
- Homeostasis
- Once a threat is passed, the parasympathetic branch is activated which reverts bodily changes to 'resting position'
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of the CNS?

Back

- Receives and processes information and responds accordingly

Card 3

Front

What is the function of the PNS?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the CNS made up of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the two branches of the PNS?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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