Albert Bandura agreed with the behaviourst approach that learning occurs through experience. However, he also proposed that learning takes place in a social context through observation and imitation of others behaviour.
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learning related to consequences of behaviour- vicarious reinforcement
children observe other people's behaviour and take note of its consequences. behaviour that is seen to be rewarded is much more likely to be copied than behaviour that is punished. Bandura called this vicarious reinforcement.
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mediational processes play a crucial role in learning
there are four mefiational processes in learning: attention- whether behaviour is noticed. retention- whether behaviour is remembered. motor reproduction- being able to do it. motivation- the will to perform the behaviour.
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identification with role models is important
children are more likely to imitate the behaviour of people with whom they identify. such role models are similar to the observer, tend to be attractive and have high status.
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imitation of aggression- Bandura's research 1
children watched either: an adult behaving aggressively towrds a Bobo doll, an adult behaving non-aggressively towards a bobo doll. when given their own doll to play with, the cildren who had seen aggression were much more aggressive towards the doll
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Bandura's research 2
children saw adult who was: rewarded, punished, there was no consequence. when given their own doll, the children who same the aggression rewarded were much more aggressive themselves.
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Children model aggressive behaviour
the bobo doll studies suggest that children are likely to imitate acts of violence if they observe these in an adult role model. it is also the case that modelling aggressive behavior is more likely if such behaviour is seen to be rewarded.
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limitation 1- relies too heavily on lab studies
developed through observation of children's behaviour in lab settings and this raises the problem of demand characteristics.
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strength 1- cultural differences
social learning process principles can account for how children learn from other people around them, as well as through the media, and this can explain how cultural norms are transmitted.
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strength 2- less determinist
Bandura emphasised reciprocal determinism- we are influenced by our environment, but we also exert an influence upon it through upon it through the ebahviours we choose to perform. this element of choice suggests that there is some free will.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
children observe other people's behaviour and take note of its consequences. behaviour that is seen to be rewarded is much more likely to be copied than behaviour that is punished. Bandura called this vicarious reinforcement.
Back
learning related to consequences of behaviour- vicarious reinforcement
Card 3
Front
there are four mefiational processes in learning: attention- whether behaviour is noticed. retention- whether behaviour is remembered. motor reproduction- being able to do it. motivation- the will to perform the behaviour.
Back
Card 4
Front
children are more likely to imitate the behaviour of people with whom they identify. such role models are similar to the observer, tend to be attractive and have high status.
Back
Card 5
Front
children watched either: an adult behaving aggressively towrds a Bobo doll, an adult behaving non-aggressively towards a bobo doll. when given their own doll to play with, the cildren who had seen aggression were much more aggressive towards the doll
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