When inhibition of automatic processing has not yet been learned
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How do you learn behaviours?
Executive control and attentional control
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In early work, bilateral lesions to the PFC caused?
An inability to learn from past behaviour and no coherent behaviours
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In early work, dorsolateral lesions to the PFC caused?
No spontaneous behaviours and inability to select motor behaviours (frontal dysexecutive syndrome)
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What brain damage did Gage sustain?
PFC destroyed. Limbic system and frontal cortex damaged
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Symptoms of abulia resulting from lateral damage to the PFC include?
Lethargy, quiet withdrawal, inability to deal with metaphors, unable to do towers of Hanoi.
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Frontal lobes seem to play a critical role in...?
Determining information, anticipation, reasoning
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What is processed by anterior regions of DLPFC?
Behavioural initiation and selection
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What are the three components of executive control processes?
Initating and shifting behaviour, Inhibiting behaviour, Simulating behaviour
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What is there DLPFC activation to?
When subjects must inhibit a potentiated response
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What is a common method of testing executive functioning?
Task switching (e.g Wisconsin Card sorting task)
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What is 'perseveration' shown in patients with DLPFC damage?
Continue to use previously learned rules not from an inability to switch. e.g in Wisconsin card task will always use previously learned rule for sorting
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What is simulation (Goldstein)?
Creating a mental model of the world. Ability to recognise and create rules for behaviour generalisable across contexts
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What is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex important for?
How to interact appropriately with others and objects and establish links between stimuli and actions
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What does bilateral ventromedial PFC damage result in?
Frontal disinhibition syndrome and failures in learning stimulus-reward contingency
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Who won the nobel prize in 1949 for a method for destroying the frontal lobes (compulsive disorders etc)?
Moniz
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What activates DLPFC and parietal cortex?
No-go stimuli
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Are SZ patients impaired on no-go trials?
Yes
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How does the DLPFC connect to posterior parietal cortex?
Bidirectionally
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What are parietal control systems which activate to behavioural actions related to the stimulus (not just the stimulus) involved in?
Allocation of attention
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Which area is activated in cognitive conflict which requires engaging/disengaging executive control systems e.g stroop task?
ACC
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Does damage to the ACC impair Stroop task?
No, suggesting ACC involved in motivation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How do you learn behaviours?
Back
Executive control and attentional control
Card 3
Front
In early work, bilateral lesions to the PFC caused?
Back
Card 4
Front
In early work, dorsolateral lesions to the PFC caused?
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