Streaming

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  • Created by: LJU
  • Created on: 01-03-16 19:59
Define the term 'Streaming'
Separating children into different ability groups or classes
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What is likely to occur when children are streamed?
A self-fulfilling prophecy
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What does Becker show about teachers?
They do not see W/C children as the 'ideal' pupil but that they lack ability
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Who tends to benefit from streaming? Why are they likely to be streamed highest?
M/C children. They appear to be the 'ideal' pupil
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What did Youdell and Gillborn find?
W/C children were less likely to have ability and were likely to be placed in lower streams
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What do they link the streaming of W/C children to?
The policy of publishing exam league tables in order to attract pupils and gain funding
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League tables create what, according to Youdell and Gillborn?
An 'A-to-C economy'
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What is an 'A-to-C economy?'
A system where schools focus their time, effort and resources on those pupils who have potential to get 5 grade C's and will boost the league table position
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What do Gillborn and Youdell argue an 'A-to-C economy' creates?
An educational triage
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What 3 types does schools categorise pupils into?
Those who will pass anyway, those with potential but may need help to achieve a grade C, and the hopeless cases who are doomed to fail
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Teachers categorise these pupils with view?
A stereotypical view of W/C pupils as lacking ability
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What is a pupil subculture?
A group of pupils who share similar values and behaviour patterns and often emerge because of their label's
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What does Lacey's differentation and polarisation explain?
How subcultures develop
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What is differentation?
The process of teachers categorising pupils according to how they perceive their ability and attitude
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Streaming is a form of?
Differentation
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What is polarisation?
Pupils respond to streaming by moving towards one of more opposite poles
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What is a pro-school subculture?
Pupils placed in higher streams tend to remain committed to the values of the school
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What is an anti-school subculture
Those placed in lower streams suffer a loss of self-esteem as the school has undermined their self-worth
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What does Lacey claim joining an anti-school subculture leads to?
A self-fulfilling prophecy of educational failure
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What did Hargreaves find?
Boys in the lower streams were tripled failures
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What is meant by a triple failure?
Failed 11+ exams, had been placed in low streams and had been labelled as a 'worthless lout'
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What did Ball find when schools abolished banding?
The basis for pupils to polarise into subcultures was largely removed and the influence of anti-school subcultures declined
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What has happened since the Education Reform Act?
There has been a trend towards more streaming and a variety of schools
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What are the 4 pupil responses that Woods found?
Ingratiation (being the teacher's pet), Ritualism (going through motions and staying out of trouble), Retreatism (day-dreaming and mucking about) and Rebellion (outright rejection of everything that school stands for)
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How can streaming be criticised?
It is deterministic and assumes all pupils are passive
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How can streaming be criticised?
Underachievement is the result of negative labelling and being placed in a lower stream. It is merely a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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How do Marxists criticise?
Labelling ignores wider structures of power. Labels are the result's of teacher's prejudices
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is likely to occur when children are streamed?

Back

A self-fulfilling prophecy

Card 3

Front

What does Becker show about teachers?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who tends to benefit from streaming? Why are they likely to be streamed highest?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did Youdell and Gillborn find?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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alexunderground

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