Sociology basics keywords

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  • Created by: Thajrin
  • Created on: 22-12-17 18:14
Socialisation
The process of learning the correct behaviour, norms and values in a society; this can be either primary or secondary
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Norms
The unwritten rules of society that determine acceptable behaviour
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Values
General ideas about what is right and wrong, the correct ways of behaving and what is considered important and worth while
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Relativity
Specific to a particular situation, social group or society, i.e. not general
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Identity
How we see ourselves and how others see us
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Postmodernism
A sociological theory associated with changes in society from the 1990s onwards
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Status
The amount of prestige a person's position in society gives them
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Ascribed status
Your position in society that is based on social characteristics you were born with and is difficult to change
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Achieved status
Your position in society that is earned by your own efforts and achievements
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Role
A part that is associated with particular norms and expectations
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Multiple roles
Playing more than one role
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Role conflict
Where the demands of one role clash with the demands of other roles played
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Culture
The way of life of a group of people; it is learned and shared. The main parts of culture include knowledge, skills social norms, values and beliefs
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Culture diversity
Differences between cultures
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Subculture
A group of people within a larger culture who have their own distinctive set of values that marks them off as being different from the rest of society, for example, a youth subculture
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Agents of socialisation
The places or groups of people responsible for teaching individuals correct norms, values and behaviour
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Social control
The methods used during the socialisation process to make sure individuals conform to the expected and acceptable norms and values in society
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Formal social control
Written rules and laws enforced by powerful agents such as the police and courts
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Informal social control
Controlling people's behaviour using informal methods in everyday situations
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Positive sanctions
Rewards used used to encourage acceptable behaviour
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Negative sanctions
Punishments used to prevent unacceptable behaviour
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Hidden curriculum
The norms and and values that schools teach students through day-to-day school life, not part of the formal timetable
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Manipulation
Parents encourage children to behave in a way that is seen to be appropriate fir their gender
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Canalisation
Parents give children gender-specific goods that are considered the norm for their gender, for example dolls for girls not boys
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Patriarchy
A society dominated by males, where they have more power than women
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Sexuality
Our sexual behaviour and choice of sexual partners
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Stereotype
A generalised and simplistic view of a group of people which ignores individual differences. They are often negative- 'women are bad drivers'
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Femininity
The quality of acting in a way that a society deems is typically female behaviour
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Masculinity
The quality of acting in a way that society deems in typically male behaviour
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The unwritten rules of society that determine acceptable behaviour

Back

Norms

Card 3

Front

General ideas about what is right and wrong, the correct ways of behaving and what is considered important and worth while

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Specific to a particular situation, social group or society, i.e. not general

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

How we see ourselves and how others see us

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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