Sociology as a science based on objective observation and statistics, this is not objectivly, and see it as on par with the natural sciences. Positivists include Durkheim, Compte and Marx
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Popper- Falsification
Defined scientific knowledge as that chick can be falsified, facts created today may be disproved tomorow, all scientific knowledge is temporary those that can withstand rigirous falsification are closer to the truth, occurs with specific predictions
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Kuhn-Whats a paradigm
Scientific emthods are defined by paradigms. A paradigm is created which forms the framework where all future scientific research is conducted, any info outside the paradigm dismissed as paranormal science
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Kuhn- Paradigm shift an examples
Otherwise known as scientific revolution where it shifts when new evidence builds up proving the old paradigm wrong. Examples include the shift from Newtonion to Einsteinium physics
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Kuhn- Supported/criticised by Anderson, Hughes and Sharrock
Underestimates the disagreement which occurs between scientists and they question Kuhns relevence towards sociology
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Kaplan- Re constructed logic and logic in use
Distinguished between theese, reconstructed logics are methods scientists claim to be using logics are the methods actually used
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Kaplan- Supported by Lynch
He observed scientists studying rats brains ignoring slides that contradicted their theories, dismissing them as procedure errors
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Interpetivists- Methods used makes it not a sceince
Some scientists study inanimate objects such as rocks, sociologists study people who move and think freely. This means they use qualitative methods which provide more indepth knowledge
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Wber- Verstehen
Sees sociology as the study of social action and requires verstehen (empathy/understanding). Can be seen in his study of calvanists, didn't believe sociology was a science
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Weber- Criticised by Lee and Newby
Criticised as a methodological individualist who reduced all human behaviour down to an individual level and negates all structures which shape society
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Giddens- Structuration theory
Combines positivist and interpretivist theories. Recognises influences that structures have on individuals whilst understanding meaning they attach to them, and their choice of accepting or rejecting such institution
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Popper- Falsification
Back
Defined scientific knowledge as that chick can be falsified, facts created today may be disproved tomorow, all scientific knowledge is temporary those that can withstand rigirous falsification are closer to the truth, occurs with specific predictions
Card 3
Front
Kuhn-Whats a paradigm
Back
Card 4
Front
Kuhn- Paradigm shift an examples
Back
Card 5
Front
Kuhn- Supported/criticised by Anderson, Hughes and Sharrock
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