Society in the 1970s

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What did the 70s see for women?
High point of second-wave feminism.
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What were the two broad camps feminism was split into?
Radical and Socialist.
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What did radical feminists want?
They emphasised the need for women to achieve autonomy over their own body.
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What did socialist feminists want?
They emphasised the need for women to be able to achieve financial independence.
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What sort of things started happening in regards to the feminist movement?
Women's Lib groups started up across the country, The 1970s Miss World competition was disrupted by protests, Demonstrations were held demanding equal pay and child care provision.
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What happened to the contraceptive pill?
It became more acceptable and widespread after being made available on the NHS from 1971.
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What year did the **** crisis centre open?
1976.
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What did the Domestic Violence Act do?
It enabled women to take out restraining orders against violent partners from 1976.
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What year were women able to take out a mortgage without a male guarantor?
1971.
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What happened in response to the Yorkshire Ripper's murders?
"Reclaim the night" marches were organised.
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When did the equal pay act come into force?
It had been passed in 1970 but didn't come into force until 1975.
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What did the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 mean?
It made discrimination in employment and education illegal and set up the Equality Opportunities Commission.
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What did the Social Security Pensions Act 1975 do?
It reformed the state pension system to be more generous to women whose contribution had been limited by caring responsibilities.
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What did the Employment Protection Act 1975 do?
It introduced paid maternity leave and outlawed dismissal on the grounds of pregnancy.
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When was International Women's Day established and by who?
It was established by the United Nations in 1977.
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What did the TUC do in 1979?
They published a charter that sought to improve the position of women in trade unions.
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How much did women's pay go up?
Women's pay went up from 59% of men's pay in 1970 to 70% in 1977.
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What did trade unions think about women in the workplace?
They continued to be suspicious that women in the workplace would lead to lower wages.
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How many investigations did the Equal Opportunities Commission launch?
Only 9 between 1976 and 1983.
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How many sex discrimination cases were successful and why?
Only 10% because discrimination was hard to prove.
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How did employers get around the Equal Pay Act?
By making women's jobs different to men's so they couldn't be compared.
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What happened to women's wages?
They remained lower than men's.
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What happened to immigration into Britain in the 1970s?
It continued and race became a bigger social and political issue.
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What led to big influxes of immigrants?
Events overseas, E.g The expulsion of Asians from Uganda in the early 1970s and the breakaway of Bangladesh from Pakistan in 1974.
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How many immigrants had come to Britain from the New Commonwealth by 1974?
1 million.
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Where did new arrivals tend to live?
In the same areas as other immigrants from the same place. Brick Lane in London became known as Banglatown and Leicester saw the arrival of large numbers of East African Asians.
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What happened to immigrant communities in politics?
They were under-represented.
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Who were the National Front and what happened to them in the 1970s?
They were created in 1967 and supported forced repatriation. They gained popularity and by 1977 were seen as Britain's fourth largest political party.
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Why did the Conservatives gain popularity?
Because Thatcher announced that the conservative government would limit immigration.
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Was there examples of violent attacks on immigrants?
Yes, assaults and robberies of Asians and Afro-Caribbeans went up by a third.
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How did immigrants feel about the police?
Black youths felt they were intimidated by the police, these tensions led to a riot at the Notting Hill Carnival in 1976. The police were also responsible for the death of Blair Peach at an anti-racism demonstration in 1979.
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What happened at football matches?
Racism was made clear by people making monkey noises at black players.
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How was racism shown in popular culture?
Racists jokes were acceptable and white actors 'blacked up' in the Black and White Minstrel show until 1978.
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What did the Race Relation Act 1976 do?
It was another attempt to prevent discrimination; It set up the Commission for Racial Equality with stronger investigative powers.
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When and why was the Anti-Nazi League formed?
It was formed in 1977 to combat racist attacks.
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What did the Rock Against Racism campaign do?
It held marches and concerts to raise awareness.
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What did local authorities do to improve race relations?
They started to promote multiculturalist policies that valued different cultures.
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What evidence was there of improving race relations in popular culture?
Black people were more visible in popular culture. In 1978 Viv Anderson became the first black football player to play for England; reggae and ska music became more popular.
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When did the Punk movement start?
1975/1976.
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What influenced the Punk movement?
American bands such as New York Dolls.
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What bans were included in the punk movement?
Sex Pistols and The Clash who played loud fast guitar music.
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What did punks embrace?
Nihilism.
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Why did the punk movement cause moral panic?
Because their clothing including ******* gear and ripped t-shirts, the concerts could be seen as violent, the Sex Pistols swore on TV.
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What were the Skinheads developed from?
The Mod scene of the 1960s.
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What class did skinheads tend to be from?
The working class.
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What were the skinheads initially influenced by?
Jamaican music and culture.
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What did skinheads become linked to at the end of the 1970s?
The National Front and football hooliganism.
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Why was there a growing interest in environmental issues?
Concerns of the environment became a political issue.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the two broad camps feminism was split into?

Back

Radical and Socialist.

Card 3

Front

What did radical feminists want?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did socialist feminists want?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What sort of things started happening in regards to the feminist movement?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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