The effects that words, actions or mere presence of others has on our thoughts, feelings and attitudes
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How does social psychology make sense on an individual's behavior?
By focusing on the power and construal of the situation
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What is the 'fundamental attribution error'?
The tendency to explain our own and others' behavior entirely based on personality traits
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What happened in Liberman, Samuels & Ross' (2004) experiment?
Students played games with different names and it had effects on how they played
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Where do construals come from?
self-esteem motive and social cognition motive
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What is the self-esteem motive?
The need to see oneself as good, competent and decent, leading to justifying negative behavior
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What is the social cognition motive?
The way we select, interpret, remember and use information to make judgments
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How does personality psychology differ from social psychology?
Personality psychology focuses on individual differences and ignores social influence
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How does sociology differ from social psychoology?
Sociology is concerned with broad social/political/historical factors that influence society instead of these things affect the individual
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What is the goal of social psychology?
To identify psychological properties that make people around the world susceptible to social influence
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Why is the scientific method preferred in social psychology?
People often don't know why they behave certain ways so asking people is not enough - social psychologists specify the conditions that make certain behavior more likely
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How do social psychologists create research questions?
They form a hypothesis based o a theory and work to refine the theory
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What does the scientific method do in relation to the variables?
Shows how the independent variable is affected by the dependant variable
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What are the 4 goals of research?
description, causal analysis, theory building, and application
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What is meant by the 'description' goal in research?
to describe the research that has influenced the hypothesis
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What is meant by the 'causal analysis' goal in research
seeing whether one thing leads to something else
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What is meant by the 'theory building' goal in research?
taking the evidence from the research to refine a theory
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What is meant by the 'application' goal in research?
applying the findings to better society
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What is the best method of sampling for representativeness?
random sampling
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What does correlational research do?
observes the relationship between two or more variables
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What does experimental research do?
two or more conditions are created and an individuals' reactions are measured
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What is positive correlation?
as one increases, the other increases
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What is negative correlation?
as one increases, the other decreases
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What is no correlation?
as one increases, the other remains constant (correlation coefficient 0)
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What is an advantage of correlational designs?
researchers can study a wide range of relationships
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What is a disadvantage of correlational designs?
can't show cause and effect
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What is reverse causality?
It appears that x=y when really x is only happens to be associated with y
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What is the third-variable problem?
when z may actually be causing the correlation between x and y
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What is internal validity?
being sure of a causal connection because conditions are kept the same except for the independent variable - high in experiments
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What is external validity?
the extent to which results can be generalized - low in experiments
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What differs field research from laboratory research?
field research occurs in natural settings whereas laboratory research occurs in artificial settings
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What does social neuroscience focus on?
the link between biological processes and social behaviour
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does social psychology make sense on an individual's behavior?
Back
By focusing on the power and construal of the situation
Card 3
Front
What is the 'fundamental attribution error'?
Back
Card 4
Front
What happened in Liberman, Samuels & Ross' (2004) experiment?
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