dense fibrous rings surrounding the aortic, pulmonary trunk and av orifices. functions to separate the atria and ventricles, maintain integrity and provide attachment for cusps
1 of 26
what is the structure of the tricuspid valve
anterior (largest), posterior (1-3 structures) and septal (inconsistent) papillary muscles form from raised parts of the trabecular carnae.
2 of 26
what is the structure of the bicuspid and mitral valves
anterior and posterior cusps connected to corresponding papillary muscles
3 of 26
what is the structure of the semilunar valve
right, left and anterior cusps that fill with blood and empties into the aortic sinus
4 of 26
where do you auscultate for the aortic valve
right 2 ic
5 of 26
where would you auscultate for the pulmonary valve
left 2ic
6 of 26
where would you auscultate for the tricuspid valve
internal thoracic -> superior epigastric and musculophrenic . muscluophrenic -> lower intercostal
10 of 26
where do the anterior IC veins drain to
internal thoracic -> musculophrenic -> subclavian
11 of 26
where is the thymus
t4-t5, anterior portion of superior mediastinum. posterior to manubrium, anterior to heart's pericardial sac.
12 of 26
what is the function of the thymus
development of immune system
13 of 26
what is the lymphatic drainage of the thorax
anterior wall -> parasternal nodes and diaphragmatic nodes. posterior wall -> IC nodes around head and neck of ribs. lungs ->tracheobronchial nodes -> bronchomediastinal lymph trunks.
14 of 26
what is the thoracic duct
a major lymph vessel starting as the cisterns chyli (dilated sac in abdomen) and passes behind the arch of aorta to enter the left brachiocephalic vein
15 of 26
where does the thoracic duct drain
lower limbs, abdomen, left thorax, left upper limb and left side of the head and neck
16 of 26
what does the right lymphatic duct drain
right thorax, right upper limb and right side of the head and neck
17 of 26
what is the pathway of the left reoccurant laryngeal n.
branch of left vagus, hooks around ligamentum arteriosum, goes up between oesophagus and trachea, supplies vocal chord muscles
18 of 26
what are the thoracic splanchnic nerves
the lower 8 ganglia of the sympathetic chain around the aorta that innervates visceral tissue and organs in the abdominal cavity
19 of 26
what is the greater splanchnic nerve
t5-9, synapse in coeliac ganglion, innervates foregut
20 of 26
what is the lesser splanchnic nerve
t10-t12, synapse in superior mesenteric ganglion, innervates midgut
21 of 26
what is the least splanchnic nerve
t10-t12, synapse in aorticorenal ganglion, innervates kidneys
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what is the lumbar splanchnic nerve
l1-l2, synapse in inferior mesenteric ganglion, innervates hind gut
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what are the relations of the phrenic nerves
in superior mediastinum, lateral to vagus n., posterior to brachiocephalic veins, anterior to lung hilum, runs over pericardium
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what are the relations of the right vagus nerve
posterior to lung root, joins pulmonary plexus and oesophageal plexus
25 of 26
what are the relations of the left vagus nerve
between common carotid artery and subclavian artery, over aortic arch, joins pulmonary plexus and oesophageal plexus
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is the structure of the tricuspid valve
Back
anterior (largest), posterior (1-3 structures) and septal (inconsistent) papillary muscles form from raised parts of the trabecular carnae.
Card 3
Front
what is the structure of the bicuspid and mitral valves
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