Sx is passed genetically from one generation to another
Genetics
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longitudinal study: 207 off-spring of mothers with sx -matched- to a control of 104 kids. Supports familial link with sx and schizotypal personality disorder.
Kety et al. (1994)
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1st degree relatives of those with SX are 18x more at risk than the general population.
Kendler et al. (1985)
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used the Maudsley twin register, found 58% were concordant for SX. If true then off-spring of a non-affected discordant twin should still be high-risk.
Gottesman and Shields (1982)
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9.4% of such offspring developed SX - much higher than rest of population.
Fischer (1971)
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Finnish Adoption study. All separated from their mother by 4yrs. 7% of Offspring with SXmother (112cases )developed SX, Control group (135)-1.5% developed SX
Tienari et al(1987)
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Administered amphetamines to a group of rats. Dopamine levels were increased. Schizophrenic-like symptoms appeared.
Randrup & Munkvad (1966)
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Used post-mortem examinations of schizophrenics and found higher density of dopamine receptors in the brain, compared to mentally healthy people.
Owen et al. 1978
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Repeated Owens study and found similar findings.
Wong et al. (1986)
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Those with Parkinson’s disease have low dopamine levels. It was found that L-dopa raised dopamine levels but also induced SX symptoms. Concludes that high dopamine levels = SX symptoms.
Frilly, 2002
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SX patients have enlarged ventricles in their brains. However there is no established cause and effect.
Suddath et al. 1990
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SX patients have less activity in the frontal lobes when performing cognitive tasks.
Carter & Neufeld. 1998
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164 adopted children from Finland, biological mothers had SX. 67% later diagnosed with SX, only 2% in control group.
Tienary et al.2000
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Meta-analysis of ALL twin SX studies pre-2001. 40.4% concordance rate for MZ twins. 7.2% for DZ twins.
Joseph 2004
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Higher Risk of SX offspring from mothers suffering toxoplasmosis compared o control group.
Torren & Volkey
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Big group – strained resources - need split – scary – SXs good leaders can handle unfamiliar surroundings.
longitudinal study: 207 off-spring of mothers with sx -matched- to a control of 104 kids. Supports familial link with sx and schizotypal personality disorder.
Back
Kety et al. (1994)
Card 3
Front
1st degree relatives of those with SX are 18x more at risk than the general population.
Back
Card 4
Front
used the Maudsley twin register, found 58% were concordant for SX. If true then off-spring of a non-affected discordant twin should still be high-risk.
Back
Card 5
Front
9.4% of such offspring developed SX - much higher than rest of population.
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