Who found that the risk of schizophrenia increases in line with genetic similarity to a schizophrenic relative?
Gottesman
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What were the concordance rates of Gottesman's study?
MZ = 48%, DZ = 17%
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Does schizophrenia have candidate genes that code for it?
Yes
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Is schizophrenia polygenic or pleiotropic?
Polygenic
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Is schizophrenia aetiologically heterogeneous?
Yes
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The most likely genes to code for schizophrenia also code for what?
Neurotransmitters
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How many gene variations did Ripke find that may cause schizophrenia in his meta-analysis?
108
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What can mutation in parental DNA NOT be caused by?
Allergies
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What is hyperdopaminergia?
An abnormally high level of dopamine in the subcortex
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Who found that DA reducing antipsychotics caused negative symptoms?
Seeman
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What is hypodopaminergia?
An abnormally low level of dopamine in the cortex
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Who theorised hypodopaminergia?
Davis et al
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Who found a positive correlation between paternal age and risk of schizophrenia?
Brown et al
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Who found that genetic variations and early stressful experiences may increase a person's vulnerability to hyperdopaminergia and hypodopaminergia?
Howes et al
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Who found that biological children of schizophrenics are more likely to develop the disorder, even when adopted by non-schizophrenics? (Supporting evidence)
Tienari et al
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Who found that amphetamines increase dopamine, and therefore increase negative symptoms? (Supporting evidence for DH)
Curran et al
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How is the biological explanation of schizophrenia reductionist?
There is clear evidence that environmental factors affect the development of schizophrenia
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Is dopamine the only neurotransmitter linked to schizophrenia?
No - glutamate is linked too
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What were the concordance rates of Gottesman's study?
Back
MZ = 48%, DZ = 17%
Card 3
Front
Does schizophrenia have candidate genes that code for it?
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