Schaffer & Emerson - Evaluation.

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What type of design was the study?
Longitudinal
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What does this mean in-regards to the study?
The same children were observed and followed-up.
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How is this a strength?
Greater internal validity.
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Why does it have greater internal validity?
Longitudinal designs do not have the same confounding variables of individual differences between participants (participant variables) that cross-sectional deisgns have.
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This study has greater external validity which also means
Ecological validity.
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How does it have greater ecological validity?
Majority of the observation was conducted by the mother carried out in their own home.
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Carrying on from ecological validity, what does it mean the babies were unlikely to be affected by?
The presence of observers.
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What does this mean for the baby during the observation?
Huge chance the baby acted naturally whilst being observed.
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One weakness is that the mothers were asked to keep a record of their own actions towards the baby too, how is this a weakness?
Greater chance of demand characteristics.
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How would demand characteristics be present?
The mother may not wish to seem as if they neglected their child during an alert phase, so they may lie or exaggerate what their own action was toward the child.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does this mean in-regards to the study?

Back

The same children were observed and followed-up.

Card 3

Front

How is this a strength?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why does it have greater internal validity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

This study has greater external validity which also means

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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