Relatonships
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- Created by: Sarahj385
- Created on: 23-01-17 10:32
Evolutionary eplanations
focus on the adaptive nature of behaviour, i.e. modern behaviours are believed to have evolved because they solved challenges faced by our distant ancestors + so become more widespread in the gene pool
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Sexual selection
A key part of Darwin's theory explaining how evolution is driven by competition for mates, and the development of characteristics that ensure reproductive success
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Matching hypothesis
claims that when people look for a partner for a romantic relationship, they tend to look for someone whose social desirability approximately equals their own
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Self-disclosure
Is when a person reveals intimate personal information about themselves to another person
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Complementarity of needs
Refers to how well two people fit together as a couple and meet each others needs
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Filter theory
We choose romantic partners by using a series of filters that narrow down the 'field of availables' from which we might eventually make our own choice.
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Similarity in attitudes
If people share similar attitudes, values and beliefs, communication is easier and so a relationship is likely to progress
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Social demography
Refers to variables such as age, social background and location, which determine the likelihood of individuals meeting in the first place.
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Social Exchange theory
The likelihood of a person staying in a relationship is determined is determined by an assessment of what they get out of it compared to what they put in and what they might achieve in a different relationship/expectations
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Equity theory
Claims that people are most comfortable when what they get out of a relatonship (benefits) is roughly equal to what they put in (costs)
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Commitment
The likelihood that an individual will persist with their current relationship. It is a product of high satisfaction and investment in the relationship and low quality of alternatives
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Investment
A measure of all the resources (e.g. financial, children) which would be lost if the relationship were to end
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Investment model
An explanation of relationship stability that emphasises the importance of 3 factors (satisfaction, invetsment size and quality of alternatives) in deteriing commitment, which in turn predicts stability.
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Quality of alternatives
An individuals assessment of whether their needs might be better fulfilled by somebody other than their current partner
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Satisfaction
A measure of the degree to which the current partner gratifies a person's important needs.
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Duck's phase model of a relationship breakdown
A model of relationship breakdown that describes the different phases that people go through during the dissolution of a romantic relationship
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Dyadic Phase
An individual confronts their partner and discusses with them their feelings, their discontentment and the future of the relationship
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Grave-dressing phase
Partner's strive to construct a representation of the failed relationship that does not paint their cotribution to it in unfavourable terms
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Intrapsychic phase
An individual broods over their current relationship and considers whether they might be better off out of it.
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Social phase
Discontment spills over to friends and family, as the distress experienced by one or both partners is made public
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Gates
are the barriers that limit opportunities for the less attractive, shy or less socially skilled to form a relationship in face-to-face encounters
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Self-disclosure
Is when a person reveals intimate personal information about themselves to another person
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Virtual relationships
are relationships that are conducted through the internet rather than face to face, for example through social media
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Absorption-addiction model
Individuals can become psychologically absorbed with a celebrity to establish a sense of fulfilment. The motivational forces driving this absorption might then take on addictive components, leading to more extreme behaviours in order to sustain it.
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Attachment theory
An explanation of the formation of an emotional bond between two people (especially caregiver and . It is a two way process that endures over time. It leads to certain behaviours such as clinging and proximity seeking.
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Parasocial relationships
An individual is attracted to another person (usually a celebrity) who is usually unaware of the existence of the person who has created the relationship
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A key part of Darwin's theory explaining how evolution is driven by competition for mates, and the development of characteristics that ensure reproductive success
Back
Sexual selection
Card 3
Front
claims that when people look for a partner for a romantic relationship, they tend to look for someone whose social desirability approximately equals their own
Back
Card 4
Front
Is when a person reveals intimate personal information about themselves to another person
Back
Card 5
Front
Refers to how well two people fit together as a couple and meet each others needs
Back
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