Reformation to Revolution- Monarchies and Courts

?
  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 17-04-17 21:02
Fo the functions that settled princely courts served, what were courts?
More than a political body, but also a key place of religious practice, ecuated etquette,
1 of 100
What is the quote composed by Henry VIII to show courts are cultured and skilled in the arts?
'Pastyme with Good Company'
2 of 100
For the monarchy, what two things did the court emphasise about them?
-Ideas of Kingship, -Absolutism and Divine Right
3 of 100
What did courts also show about power?
Systems of power in the state,
4 of 100
Describe two juxtapositions of the courts, to show their diversity?
Peripatetic (mobile) and fixed, 2) Function and dysfunctions
5 of 100
For ideas of Kingship, what the the succession system most common?
Hereditary dynasty- Monarchs succeed to power on the death of their relatives, often the eldest born son becoming ruler,
6 of 100
Although how do some Kings succeed?
Some are elected,
7 of 100
What teo things are the monarchs defenders of?
1) 'Defender of the Realm' 2)Defender of the faith'
8 of 100
What was expected of the 'defender of the realm'?
The monarch is expected to be the person in charge of defending the state from external and internal threats
9 of 100
Who are the figures who govern the state and uphold justice?
Supreme Executive and Judiciary
10 of 100
What was expected of the 'defender of the realm?
Monarchs who uphold religion and defend their faith.
11 of 100
How does this take on a new meaning in the reformation?
Monarchs in protestant cases could ignore Pope and make claims that they were God's representative on Earth, giving the monarch more poer
12 of 100
For financial control, how was currency distributed an the effect on society?
Coins- Distributed images- Could get a powerful image of who the monarch wherever they were,
13 of 100
Was there such a thing as Renaissance Kingship despite the old ideas the King had to be a warrior?
Yes- they also had to be skilled in the arts, and moel themselves on classical ideas of Kingship,
14 of 100
What are expectations of Kingship affected by?
Gender- Men were seen as superior to women in this period
15 of 100
Why did Queens face constant contradictions?
People believe ther rule would be hampered by their female body
16 of 100
What were Queens expected to do in contract to Kings?
Queens were expected to be fertile to product children to protect the royal dynasty whreas Kings were seen as brave ad cultured,
17 of 100
For issue of accountability, who was the monarch held accountable for?
People, nobility and God
18 of 100
Was this idea of accountability fixed?
There was no fixed idea about this accountabiility and many monarchs were picky abot who they should be accountable for,
19 of 100
What was absolute sovereignty?
Complete and unrestricted power, -No sharing, no contest
20 of 100
How does divine right link to Kingship?
It creates a religious and sacred meaning behind kingship ruling
21 of 100
How deos the idea of divine right stop resistande?
As any rebellion against the monarch is a rebellion against God,
22 of 100
Which scripture shows monarchs were anointed by God?
Proverbs 8L15-16, Romans 13:1-2
23 of 100
What was an obscure effect based on the belief the divine monarch had some sort of divine power in him?
Belief he could cure disease by touching them- Elaborate cermonies developed and sick people would come forward and receive the King's blessing
24 of 100
What does Kumin argue about absolutism and localities?
Even in the age of absolutism, however, localities retained their own political sites and significance
25 of 100
Growing state interference in many walks of life requred enforcement where?
In parishes, town and villages, where traditional forms of self government were often adapted rather than suppressed,
26 of 100
How does Zora question absolutism to a greater degree?
17th century monarchies were a great deal less mighty than the term 'absolutims suggests,
27 of 100
Does she argue absolutism was weak?
No she argues it simply didn't exist
28 of 100
What does Hensall argue absolutism is instead?
'Traditional historiography rested 'absolutism' on well advertised support system fortifying it against society- standing armies and bureaucracy
29 of 100
For ideas of Kingship, what does it prevent and how?
Prevents disagreement and civil war, as it is the most secure, safe form fo society
30 of 100
Give examples of royal advocates?
James Vi and I, Louis XIV
31 of 100
Give examples of non-roual advocates?
Filmer, Hobbes, Bodin, Boussuet
32 of 100
However, can rebellion occur?
YEs the ycan occur against the monarchs,
33 of 100
For 'system of power' in the state, what was composite monarchy?
Single overal ruler of numerous states
34 of 100
For the problems with this, what is the problem with territorial sovereignty?
Who was in charge?
35 of 100
What were there overlaps in?
Administratives
36 of 100
What were there issues with?
Issues of jurisdiction
37 of 100
What were there variations with?
Ethnic, religious, linguistic variation,
38 of 100
However thee were challenges of centralised governance. What were there difficulties with based on having many states?
Difficulties of transportation and communication- Distance between states led to these problems
39 of 100
What was another problem based on speed and availability of monarchy?
Slow orders, delays in news, enforcement- Monarchy can't be everywhere at once,
40 of 100
What was needed for clients to enforce law and order?
Need for local aristocracy and networks for clients
41 of 100
What was a key point of contact between prince and nobility?
The Court
42 of 100
What does Zmora argue courts are?
They are the focus of political authority in the realm
43 of 100
What did Kumin argue court culture eflected?
The person tastes of monarchs and theri subjects
44 of 100
What determined the court's size and personnel?
The economic and territorial limitations of ruler's power,
45 of 100
What does Kuin argue about the establishment of physical space at the court?
It iis a reflection of the power and 'magnificence' of the monarch was vitally important,
46 of 100
Give an example in England with the first Tudor monarch, Henry VII?
He embarked on a series of building prohects, spending a vast sum of over %600 a month on his new place at Richmond
47 of 100
In Spain, how did Philip II make important contributions when he chose Madrid as a capital?
Numerous courtiers settled in Madrid which experienced urban expansion,
48 of 100
In England when did the importance of the court decline?
When government shifted to the hands of the parliament,
49 of 100
Although did cromwell have a similar set up?
Oliver ruled through a council made up of his friends and clients- effectively a King an court,
50 of 100
What does Elias argue is the courts functions for nobles?
Court function to domesticate the nobility. Presented the court as guilded cages in which the unruly great nobles of France were once and for all tamed
51 of 100
What fetures does Elias argue made the court into a brilliant, distinct civilisation whose attraction was quite impossible to withstand?
Extremely elaborate etiquette, whole system of carefully orchestrated social rituals of deference, a finely gradated observed hierarchical order, an enormously lavish display
52 of 100
What were thw two types of courts?
-Peripatetic court, -Fixed court
53 of 100
What is a peripatetic court?
The court used to describe the noble court used by the monarch and the royal household,
54 of 100
FOr functions of this mobile court, how were there prompt displays of loyalty?
By travelling the realm which allows the monarch to be welcomed by the nobility
55 of 100
FOr functions of this mobile court, what can monarch show support to?
Loyal provincial lords
56 of 100
What was another function based on royal justice to affirm royal authority?
Dispense direct royal justice by hearing cases- It also remained subjects that the King's authority was more important than local authority,
57 of 100
What did a tour through the countryside accomplish?
It familiarised the prince with the territory and confirmed hierarchy of power and control
58 of 100
Therefore, what kind of method was it?
A propaganda method for the people to see the King
59 of 100
What does Cole argue about Elizabeth's progresses around the houses of her nobility?
They were increasingly notrorious for the demadns she made on their hospitality- In 1601, learning of the Queen's imminent arrival, the earl of Lincoln fled his home in Chelsea and left the gates barred against the royal party
60 of 100
What was the problem with moving courts?
It was difficult to be able to recloate all courtiers ad those involves quickly and find somewhere where they will be welcomed,
61 of 100
For fixed courts, what happened to peripatetic courts?
They began to decline and increased in settled courts sa sizes increase
62 of 100
What was this an attempt towards based on centralisation?
Attempts towards state centralisation
63 of 100
For fixed courts, what two things was it the location for?
1) Royal household (prince) 2) Institutions of central government
64 of 100
Who was fixed courts a point of contact for?
Monarch and nobility,
65 of 100
However, what does Elias argue about the nobles in Versailles?
Only around 5% of nobles contested to live at Versailles, despite the fact that to ignore the court was a cause for suspicion under Louis XIV
66 of 100
Increasingly how has the ritual life of the court been read?
As a dialogue between the monarch and his or her subjects through which the latter could approach and advise their ruler a the same time as seeking favour,
67 of 100
WHy could the relationship between monarch and nobility been characterised as one?
Charcterised by shared interests and co-operation rather than conflict
68 of 100
What was there a development of?
The courtier
69 of 100
What was did patronage lead the court to be an arena for?
Royal propoganda and display
70 of 100
Were the public given access to sections of the court?
yes but very restricted and long given to those deemed worhty of a high honour
71 of 100
For displays, give an example of how there was control by ritual?
Louis XIV awoke at sunrise, dressed and ate in a certin way- it all became an act which courtiers and royal advisers wanted part of
72 of 100
What was the Kings role in fashion?
Arbiter of fashion and refined taste
73 of 100
What did the King display?
Had opulent displays of power and wealth
74 of 100
What was another aspect of display based on politics and images?
Political image making
75 of 100
What is another asepect of dispay based on grand buildings?
Architecture
76 of 100
What is another aspect based on entertainment for showing off wealth?
Spectacles, ballets, masques
77 of 100
For Kumin, what was patronage?
A political ssytem of allegiances founded upon pensions, reards and prerogatives,
78 of 100
For cultural patronage, who looked to the court for patronage, turning it into a permanent worship for what creations?
-Artists, writers, scholars and craftsmen, -Artistic creation
79 of 100
What did courts begin to accumulate based on sciece?
Paintings and objects of scientific curiosity (like instruments or specimans)
80 of 100
What did roya patronage lead to in this area?
Creation of academies in London and paris and informal meetings of learned circles,
81 of 100
Scientific patronage attracted growing princely what?
Interest and investment
82 of 100
What did patronage encourage the growth of and centralisation of what?
-Ecourgaed growth of courts, -Political centralisation
83 of 100
What did Camern argue was the effect of rulers exercising great influene over local affairs?
The more their subjects came to court to sway the deplyment of that influence in their own interests,
84 of 100
What could/ did subjects as for?
Posts in administration, army or church, princely intervention in lawsuit, deflect a tax demand or seex fortune and fame,
85 of 100
As a result of patronage becoming more intensified around the ruler, what happened to networks of clientage?
Clientage centred on great men of the ecourt became more elaborate,
86 of 100
How did these networks assist the ruler?
They provided informal means to manage local affairs more effective than the primitive chains of bureaucratic command
87 of 100
For dysfunctions at court, what literature was spreading around court which was critical and talked of corruption?
Anti court literature
88 of 100
What did it say abut luxuries and what wasn't this presenting?
-Luxury and excess; conspicuous consumption, -Not reflecting values and virtues of country
89 of 100
Who were there clashed between?
Nobility and trained bureaucrats
90 of 100
Why was there a clash between them?
;Old money' vs 'new' professional and urban elites
91 of 100
What could be the case with powerful nobles and how?
They come overcome a weak prince with factions, friction and manipulatio,
92 of 100
What does Cameron say about this competition?
He argues it threatens to destablise the whole exercise of government or deprive him of effective control,
93 of 100
However, are there cases of rulers being overcome?
Yes- some rulers succumbed to the pressures and became playthings of factions
94 of 100
What is another dysfunction based on idleness?
Many tried to stay at court, not returning to localities and not attending to bureaucracy,
95 of 100
What is the last dysfunction of courts based on a point of contact?
Failure to serve as a genuien point of contact
96 of 100
What are there four issues with at courts?
-Absent royals, -Minorities, -Privacy, -Favourties
97 of 100
Although, what invention does Cameron argue allowed to ruler to communicate with the ruled?
Print
98 of 100
What was printed and circulated for public proclamation and dispaly?
New laws and regualations, declarations of war, denunciations of heresy,
99 of 100
What types of print met the public demand for news which appreciating ruler's feats?
Extended works recounting royal marriages or victories in battles,
100 of 100

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the quote composed by Henry VIII to show courts are cultured and skilled in the arts?

Back

'Pastyme with Good Company'

Card 3

Front

For the monarchy, what two things did the court emphasise about them?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did courts also show about power?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe two juxtapositions of the courts, to show their diversity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar History resources:

See all History resources »See all Ref to Rev resources »