The conservation of mass states the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products as no atoms can be lost or made
1 of 22
Define species
The term species refers to the different atoms, molecules or ions that are involved in a reaction
2 of 22
Explain what a half equation is?
A half equation is used to show what happens to the electrons of one reactant in a chemical equation
3 of 22
Explain how the conservation of mass can seem wrong in some equation?
In equations were an pen system is used and a gas is either used or produced, the conservation of mass will seem wrong as the gas will have either increased or decreased the mass of the products as it either enters or leaves to or from
4 of 22
Define mol
A mol is a measure of the number of particles contained in a substance
5 of 22
What is one mol of any substance equal to? (Avogardo's constant)
One mol of any substance cotains 6.02 x 10^23 particles or atoms
6 of 22
What is the equation for calcuating the number of mols?
Mol = Mass / Atomic (formula) mass
7 of 22
Explain what a limiting reactant is?
A limiting reactant is the first chemical to be completly used up in the reaction, stopping the reaction from continuing
8 of 22
Explain what is meant by a 'chemical being in excess'?
When a chemical is stopped due to the limiting reactant, the other chemical that is not fully used up is said to be in excess
9 of 22
Explainb how mols of a gas work?
At room temperature and pressure, one mol of any gas takes up a volume of 24dm^3
10 of 22
What is the equation for calculating the volume of a gas at room temperature and pressure?
Volume = Amount (mol) x 24dm^3
11 of 22
What is the equation for calculating the concentration of a soultion?
Concentration of a soultion = Amount of substance (mol) / Volume (dm^3)
12 of 22
What is the purpose of carrying out a tiration?
A tiration can be used to find the concentration of an acid or alkali
13 of 22
What is needed to be known in order to work out the concentration of an acid or alkali?
The relative volumes of acid and alkali used and the concentration of the other acid or alkali used
14 of 22
What is the equation for calculating the percentage yield?
Percentage yield = yieldfrom reaction / maximum theoretical yield x100
15 of 22
What is the equation for calculating the atom economy?
Atom economy = relative formula mass of the desired product / sum of the relative formula mass of all the product/reactants x 100
16 of 22
Name 2 ways ethanol can be produced?
Hydration and fermentation
17 of 22
Describe the process of hydration?
During hydration, ethene is reacted with steam to form ethanol, the hydration of ethene is know as an addition reaction as all the reactant atoms end up in the desired product
18 of 22
Describe the proccess of fermentation?
The fermentation of glucose produces ethanol and carbon dixode, the atom economy of fermentation is lower than hydration as about half the atoms in the reactants end up in the desired product
19 of 22
What is meant by a titration?
A titration is an accurate technique that is used to find out how much of an acid is needed to neutralise an alkali
20 of 22
What happens to the acid and alkali during neutralisation?
The hydrogen ions from the acid and the hydroxide ions from the alkali react to form water which has a neutral pH of 7
21 of 22
What must be used in titrations?
A suitable indicator
22 of 22
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Define species
Back
The term species refers to the different atoms, molecules or ions that are involved in a reaction
Card 3
Front
Explain what a half equation is?
Back
Card 4
Front
Explain how the conservation of mass can seem wrong in some equation?
Comments
No comments have yet been made