Chemistry Revision

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Structure & Bonding:

  • Chemical bonding involves either transferrring or sharing electrons in the outer shells of an atom.
  • Atoms that lose electrons become positively charges ions.
  • Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged ions.
  • Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrosatic forces of attraction.
  • When atoms share pairs of electrons, they form covalent bonds.

Structure, Properties and uses:

  • When melted or dissolved in water, ionic compounds conduct electricity. Covalent compounds do not.
  • Diamond and graphite have different properties determined by their structures.
  • Nanoscience refers to structures that are 1-100 nm in size and of the order of a few hundred atoms.
  • Metals consist of giant structures of atoms arranged in a regular pattern.
  • Ionic compounds have regular structures (giant ionic lattices), high melting and boiling points.
  • The properties of thermosoftening and thermosetting polymers depend on what they are made from and how they are made.

Atomic structure, analysis & quantative chemistry:

  • Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons.
  • The  relative atomic mass (A) and the the relative formula mass (M) allow numbers of particles to be compared.
  • The amount of a product obtained is known as yield.
  • Elements and compounds…

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